Reduced Serum Levels of Cluster of Differentiation 200 in Alcohol-Dependent Patients.

AIM Chronic alcohol consumption can activate and dysregulate the neuroimmune system which leads to neuroinflammation. Neuroimmune regulatory proteins (NIReg) (e.g. Cluster of Differentiation 200 (CD200)) are the regulators of innate immune response and are responsible for silencing the innate immunity and suppression of inflammation. In this study, we explored the changes of serum levels of CD200 in patients with alcoholic dependence at baseline, after one-week alcohol withdrawal and after one-month of alcohol abstinence. METHODS Seventeen patients with alcohol dependence admitted for de-addiction treatment and 12 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after one-week, and after one-month, and CD200 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and compared with the healthy controls. RESULTS The serum level of the neuroimmune regulatory protein CD200 in alcohol dependent group (at baseline) was significantly lower compared to healthy controls (p=0.003), and increased after one-week, and one-month period. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that decrease of CD200 serum levels in alcohol dependent patients and its rise during alcohol withdrawal and abstinence may provide a preliminary evidence of the role of neuroimmune regulatory proteins in neuroadaptation during alcohol withdrawal.

[1]  F. Crews,et al.  The role of neuroimmune signaling in alcoholism , 2017, Neuropharmacology.

[2]  C. Guerri,et al.  Impact of the Innate Immune Response in the Actions of Ethanol on the Central Nervous System. , 2016, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[3]  D. Sarkar,et al.  Neuroimmune Function and the Consequences of Alcohol Exposure , 2015, Alcohol research : current reviews.

[4]  L. Mestre,et al.  Brain Innate Immunity in the Regulation of Neuroinflammation: Therapeutic Strategies by Modulating CD200-CD200R Interaction Involve the Cannabinoid System , 2014, Current pharmaceutical design.

[5]  F. Crews.  Immune Function Genes, Genetics, and the Neurobiology of Addiction , 2012, Alcohol research : current reviews.

[6]  Inbal Goshen,et al.  Immune modulation of learning, memory, neural plasticity and neurogenesis , 2011, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity.

[7]  L. Lue,et al.  Decreased expression of CD200 and CD200 receptor in Alzheimer's disease: A potential mechanism leading to chronic inflammation , 2009, Experimental Neurology.

[8]  O. Niemelä.  Biomarkers in alcoholism. , 2007, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[9]  P. Gasque,et al.  Innate immunity and protective neuroinflammation: new emphasis on the role of neuroimmune regulatory proteins. , 2007, International review of neurobiology.

[10]  R. Gorczynski.  CD200 and its receptors as targets for immunoregulation. , 2005, Current opinion in investigational drugs.

[11]  R. Harris,et al.  Gene expression in human alcoholism: microarray analysis of frontal cortex. , 2000, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[12]  J. Volpicelli,et al.  Psychometric properties of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale. , 1999, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[13]  O. Aasland,et al.  Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption--II. , 1993, Addiction.

[14]  C. Naranjo,et al.  Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: the revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar). , 1989, British journal of addiction.