Since the oil embargo of the 1970s, researchers around the world have made tremendous progress in developing and improving methods for converting biomass -- trees, plants, and organic wastes -- to useful fuels and chemicals. However, the lack of relevant standards and analytical methods has made comparison of results between laboratories and nations difficult. This Sourcebook of Methods of Analysis for Biomass and Biomass-Conversion Processes is the result of an international effort to begin to fill this gap. In 1986, the International Energy Agency began sponsorship of a Voluntary Standards Activity,'' designed to provide comparability of research results, increase research efficiency, and provide quality assurance to both researchers and industry. Canada, Finland, New Zealand, and the United States supported the activity initially; Italy joined in 1988. Major support also came from Energy, Mines and Resources Canada (E,M R); the US Department of Energy's Solar Technical Information Program (STIP); and the Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI). The sourcebook presents titles and abstracts (when available) of methods relevant to all aspects of biomass conversion -- from analyzing feedstocks to evaluating performance of biofuels. The authors assembled the sourcebook at SERI by searching the literature, reviewing industrial standards, and soliciting suggestions from scientistsmore » in the field. In addition, Finland prepared a special report on measuring the efficiencies of small boilers and biomass stoves and furnaces.« less