Pause and pulse: ten steps that help manage radiation dose during pediatric fluoroscopy.

OBJECTIVE The Image Gently Campaign of The Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging seeks to increase awareness of opportunities to lower radiation dose in the imaging of children. Pause and Pulse is the most recent phase of the campaign, addressing methods of dose optimization in pediatric fluoroscopy. CONCLUSION This article discusses 10 steps that can be taken for fluoroscopic dose optimization in pediatric diagnostic fluoroscopy.

[1]  Edward Y Lee,et al.  Imaging evaluation of pediatric trachea and bronchi: systematic review and updates. , 2012, Seminars in roentgenology.

[2]  K. Strauss,et al.  Prospective measurement of patient exposure to radiation during pediatric ureteroscopy. , 2012, The Journal of urology.

[3]  A. Jung.  Medical radiation exposure in children and dose reduction , 2011 .

[4]  K. Darge,et al.  Imaging choices in inflammatory bowel disease , 2009, Pediatric Radiology.

[5]  C. Barnewolt,et al.  Pediatric radiation exposure and effective dose reduction during voiding cystourethrography. , 2008, Radiology.

[6]  K. Darge,et al.  MR imaging of the bowel: pediatric applications. , 2008, Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America.

[7]  P. Rhee,et al.  Management and hospital outcomes of blunt renal artery injuries: analysis of 517 patients from the National Trauma Data Bank. , 2007, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[8]  W. Rohrschneider,et al.  Current radiological management of intussusception in children , 2007, European Radiology.

[9]  K. Strauss,et al.  The ALARA concept in pediatric interventional and fluoroscopic imaging: striving to keep radiation doses as low as possible during fluoroscopy of pediatric patients--a white paper executive summary. , 2006, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[10]  James M. Anderson,et al.  Intestinal malrotation in children: a problem-solving approach to the upper gastrointestinal series. , 2006, Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc.

[11]  K. Strauss,et al.  ALARA in pediatric interventional and fluoroscopic imaging: striving to keep radiation doses as low as possible during fluoroscopy of pediatric patients--a white paper executive summary. , 2006, Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR.

[12]  K. Strauss.  Pediatric interventional radiography equipment: safety considerations , 2006, Pediatric Radiology.

[13]  Sue C. Kaste,et al.  The ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) concept in pediatric interventional and fluoroscopic imaging: striving to keep radiation doses as low as possible during fluoroscopy of pediatric patients—a white paper executive summary , 2006, Pediatric Radiology.

[14]  V. Ward.  Patient dose reduction during voiding cystourethrography , 2006, Pediatric Radiology.

[15]  L. Donnelly.  Reducing radiation dose associated with pediatric CT by decreasing unnecessary examinations. , 2005, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[16]  A. Daneman,et al.  Intussusception. Part 3: Diagnosis and management of those with an identifiable or predisposing cause and those that reduce spontaneously. , 2004, Pediatric radiology.

[17]  M. Hernanz-Schulman,et al.  Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. , 2003, Radiology.

[18]  A. Daneman,et al.  Intussusception , 2003, Pediatric Radiology.

[19]  Marc A. Felice,et al.  Dose reduction fluoroscopy in pediatrics , 2002, Pediatric Radiology.

[20]  K. Schneider,et al.  Paediatric fluoroscopy – a survey of children's hospitals in Europe , 2001, Pediatric Radiology.

[21]  B. Shuckett,et al.  The impact of imaging in the management of intussusception owing to pathologic lead points in children , 2000, Pediatric Radiology.

[22]  H. Jeffery,et al.  The role of gastro-oesophageal reflux in the aetiology of SIDS. , 2000, Early human development.

[23]  E. Kass,et al.  Paediatric urinary tract infection and the necessity of complete urological imaging , 2000, BJU international.

[24]  P. Brown,et al.  Optimization of a fluoroscope to reduce radiation exposure in pediatric imaging , 2000, Pediatric Radiology.

[25]  J. Strife,et al.  A multihospital survey of radiation exposure and image quality in pediatric fluoroscopy , 2000, Pediatric Radiology.

[26]  A. G. Wilkinson,et al.  Ultrasound features of intussusception predicting outcome of air enema , 1999, Pediatric Radiology.

[27]  S. Hanquinet,et al.  Reliability of color Doppler and power Doppler sonography in the evaluation of intussuscepted bowel viability , 1998, Pediatric Surgery International.

[28]  G. Taylor,et al.  Effect of CT information on the diagnosis and management of acute abdominal injury in children. , 1998, Radiology.

[29]  M. Goodsitt,et al.  Reduction of radiation dose in pediatric patients using pulsed fluoroscopy. , 1996, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[30]  W. Neblett,et al.  Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the infant without a palpable olive: accuracy of sonographic diagnosis. , 1994, Radiology.

[31]  M. Federle.  Abdominal trauma: the role and impact of computed tomography. , 1981, Investigative radiology.

[32]  C. Barnewolt,et al.  Radiation exposure reduction during voiding cystourethrography in a pediatric porcine model of vesicoureteral reflux. , 2006, Radiology.

[33]  Proceedings of the Second ALARA Conference. February 28, 2004. Houston, Texas, USA. , 2004, Pediatric radiology.

[34]  Mahadevappa Mahesh,et al.  Fluoroscopy: patient radiation exposure issues. , 2001, Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc.

[35]  B. Archer,et al.  Management of patient skin dose in fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures. , 2000, Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR.

[36]  D. Simpkin,et al.  The AAPM/RSNA Physics Tutorial for Residents , 1999 .

[37]  J. Pracros,et al.  Acute intestinal intussusception in children. Contribution of ultrasonography (145 cases). , 1987, Annales de radiologie.