I NDUSTRIAL localization is a term widely employed by geographers and economists when they set out to explain the location in space of manufacturing activity. Observation of practice and assessment of census data have yielded certain generalizations as to where particular types of industry are found. From these generalizations several theories seeking to explain the causation of factory patterns have been devised. Without trying to catalogue or compare explanations we should note that the search for understanding began some 75 years ago and continues to the present time. During that period the quest has been for "organizing concepts" of industrial location that help us understand where plants will be located in terms of a generalized view of the geographical structure of manufacturing. Cooley' was the first to propose notions of transportation con-
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