Effects of the knowledge base on children's memory strategies.

In this article, the importance of examining the linkage between knowledge and strategic factors in children's memory has been suggested. Indeed, it has been argued that a more complete analysis of the development of remembering in children requires a consideration of the operation of memory strategies in the context of the growing knowledge base. The effects of the knowledge base were analyzed in terms of concurrent influences on the use of strategies and long-term consequences for the development of increasingly skilled memory processing. The available evidence suggests that age-related changes in the contents of the knowledge system, as well as increases in the ease with which information can be accessed, contribute to the strategies that are used by children of different ages, and influence the development of efficient modes of processing. Continued research on the concurrent effects of the knowledge base should provide a more complete account of children's memory than that currently available, taking into consideration knowledge of the materials, understanding of the task demands, as well as overall strategic abilities. Similarly, research on the long-term developmental effects of the knowledge base on memory strategies should facilitate an understanding of the mechanisms by which memory processing becomes more efficient and less effortful. Ideally, studies that examine these issues should be longitudinal in scope (Ornstein et al., 1985a), but even cross-sectional research that explores the interrelationships between strategies and knowledge will facilitate an understanding of the development of memory in children.

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