The effects of target compliance on liquid drop impact

When a liquid drop impacts a solid surface, the contact periphery at first expands more quickly than the compression wavefronts in either liquid or solid. The liquid behind the shock envelope is compressed and high pressures of order ρCV result, where ρ is the density of the liquid at ambient pressure, C the shock velocity in the liquid, and V the impact velocity. At a later stage, the shock envelope overtakes the contact periphery and a jetting motion, which releases the high pressures, commences. The magnitude and duration of the high pressures are critical in explaining the damage mechanisms and erosion processes caused by liquid impact. The experiments described in this paper use the two‐dimensional gel and photographic techniques developed for visualizing the shocks, recording the onset of jetting, and measuring jet velocities. This particular study is primarily concerned with the effect of target compliance on the early stages of impact. It is shown that the greater the target compliance, the longer...