Self-reported Lifestyle Behaviours in Families With an Increased Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Across Six European Countries: the Feel4diabetes-study

Background: The current study aimed to describe self-reported lifestyle behaviours by comparing them to current health guidelines in European Feel4Diabetes-families at risk for developing type 2 diabetes across six countries (Belgium, Finland, Spain, Greece, Hungary and Bulgaria). Methods: Parents and their children were recruited through primary schools located in low socio-economic status areas. Parents filled out the FINDRISC-questionnaire, which was used for the risk assessment of the family. Sociodemographic factors and several lifestyle behaviours of both adults and children were assessed by parental questionnaires. To investigate families’ lifestyle behaviours, to compare these levels to health guidelines and to assess potential differences between the countries, multilevel regression analyses were conducted. Results: Most Feel4Diabetes-families at risk (parents and their children) did not comply with the guidelines regarding healthy behaviours, set by the WHO, European or national authorities; less than half of parents and children complied with the physical activity guidelines, less than 15% of them complied with the fruit and vegetable guideline, and only 40% of the children met the recommendations of five glasses of water per day. Clear differences in lifestyle behaviours in Feel4Diabetes-families at risk exist between the countries. Conclusions: Countries are highly recommended to invest in policy initiatives to counter unhealthy lifestyle behaviours in families at risk, taking into account country-specific needs. For future research it is of great importance to focus on families at risk in order to counter the development of type 2 diabetes and reduce health inequity.Trial registration: Name: Feel4Diabetes-study, trial registration number: 643708, data of registration 03/15/2015 (Retrospectively registered), URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02393872?term=643708&draw=2&rank=1

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