Modal Resonant Frequencies and Radiation Quality Factors of Microstrip Antennas

The chosen rectangular and fractal microstrip patch antennas above an infinite ground plane are analyzed by the theory of characteristic modes. The resonant frequencies and radiation are evaluated. A novel method by Vandenbosch for rigorous evaluation of the radiation is employed for modal currents on a Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) mesh. It is found that the resonant frequency of a rectangular patch antenna with a dominant mode presents quite complicated behaviour including having a minimum at a specific height. Similarly, as predicted from the simple wire model, the radiation exhibits a minimum too. It is observed that the presence of out-of-phase currents flowing along the patch antenna leads to a significant increase of the factor.

[1]  Kai Fong Lee,et al.  Advances in microstrip and printed antennas , 1997 .

[2]  Y. Chow,et al.  Experimental study of a microstrip patch antenna with an L-shaped probe , 2000 .

[3]  Pavel HAZDRA,et al.  On the Modal Superposition Lying under the MoM Matrix Equations , 2008 .

[4]  Roger F. Harrington,et al.  Control of radar scattering by reactive loading , 1972 .

[5]  John F. Shaeffer,et al.  MOM3D method of moments code theory manual , 1992 .

[6]  P. Hazdra,et al.  Design of a Dual-Band Orthogonally Polarized L-Probe-Fed Fractal Patch Antenna Using Modal Methods , 2011, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[7]  S. Sinha,et al.  A Self-Affine Fractal Multiband Antenna , 2007, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[8]  W. Marsden I and J , 2012 .

[9]  R. Garg,et al.  Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook , 2000 .

[10]  Guy A. E. Vandenbosch,et al.  Lower bounds for radiation Q of very small antennas of arbitrary topology , 2010, Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Antennas and Propagation.

[11]  D. Rhodes,et al.  A reactance theorem , 1977, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[12]  L. Perregrini,et al.  On the evaluation of the double surface integrals arising in the application of the boundary integral method to 3-D problems , 1997 .

[13]  D. Wilton,et al.  Electromagnetic scattering by surfaces of arbitrary shape , 1980 .

[14]  P. Hazdra,et al.  Radiation ${Q}$ -Factors of Thin-Wire Dipole Arrangements , 2011, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[15]  R. Harrington Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields , 1961 .

[16]  Eva Antonino Daviu,et al.  Analysis and design of antennas for wireless communications using modal methods , 2008 .

[17]  Miloslav Capek,et al.  Software tools for efficient generation, modelling and optimisation of fractal radiating structures , 2011 .

[18]  Donald R. Rhodes,et al.  Observable stored energies of electromagnetic systems , 1976 .

[19]  S. A Re-Examination of the Fundamental Limits on the Radiation Q of Electrically Small Antennas , 2008 .

[20]  R. Harrington,et al.  Theory of characteristic modes for conducting bodies , 1971 .

[21]  J. R. James,et al.  Microstrip Antenna Theory and Design , 1981 .

[22]  Sergey N. Makarov,et al.  Antenna and EM Modeling with MATLAB , 2002 .

[23]  S. Best,et al.  Impedance, bandwidth, and Q of antennas , 2005 .

[24]  G. Vandenbosch,et al.  Reactive Energies, Impedance, and ${\rm Q}$ Factor of Radiating Structures , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[25]  M. Cabedo-Fabres,et al.  The Theory of Characteristic Modes Revisited: A Contribution to the Design of Antennas for Modern Applications , 2007, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine.

[26]  P. Hazdra,et al.  A Method for the Evaluation of Radiation Q Based on Modal Approach , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.