Performance metric and objective evaluation for displayed 3D images generated by different lenslet arrays

Abstract A performance metric and an objective evaluation method are proposed for 3D images generated by different lenslet arrays in integral imaging systems. The comprehensive features, such as filling factor, sampling rate, and diffraction of the lenslet arrays, which affect the 3D image quality are considered in the performance metric. The objective evaluation method considers the quality continuity of 3D images reconstructed at different depth planes. Subjective results are obtained using an integral imaging system comprising an LED display with 1.25-mm pixel pitch. Experimental results show that the proposed metric and method are consistent with subjective perception.

[1]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Wide-viewing integral three-dimensional imaging by use of orthogonal polarization switching. , 2003, Applied optics.

[2]  Takanori Okoshi Three-Dimensional Imaging Techniques , 1976 .

[3]  Nobuhiko Hata,et al.  Three-dimensional display with a long viewing distance by use of integral photography. , 2005, Optics letters.

[4]  F. Okano,et al.  Analysis of resolution limitation of integral photography , 1998 .

[5]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Real-time capturing and 3D visualization method based on integral imaging. , 2013, Optics express.

[6]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Improvement of viewing angle in integral imaging by use of moving lenslet arrays with low fill factor. , 2003, Applied optics.

[7]  Hongen Liao,et al.  3D Quantitative Evaluation System for Autostereoscopic Display , 2016, Journal of Display Technology.

[8]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Three-Dimensional Image Sensing, Visualization, and Processing Using Integral Imaging , 2006, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[9]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Recent issues on integral imaging and its applications , 2014 .

[10]  B. Javidi,et al.  Effects of device resolution on three-dimensional integral imaging. , 2004, Optics letters.

[11]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Viewing-angle-enhanced integral imaging by elemental image resizing and elemental lens switching. , 2002, Applied optics.

[12]  Kwan-Hee Yoo,et al.  Real-time 3D display system based on computer-generated integral imaging technique using enhanced ISPP for hexagonal lens array. , 2013, Applied optics.

[13]  S. Min,et al.  New Characteristic Equation of Three-Dimensional Integral Imaging System and its Applications , 2004 .

[14]  Sung-Wook Min,et al.  Study for wide-viewing integral photography using an aspheric Fresnel-lens array , 2002 .

[15]  Nobuhiko Hata,et al.  High-quality integral videography using a multiprojector. , 2004, Optics express.

[16]  M. McCormick,et al.  Analytical model of a three-dimensional integral image recording system that uses circular- and hexagonal-based spherical surface microlenses. , 2001, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[17]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Resolution comparison between integral-imaging-based hologram synthesis methods using rectangular and hexagonal lens arrays. , 2011, Optics express.

[18]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Three-Dimensional Imaging, Visualization, and Display 2012 , 2012 .

[19]  Nobuhiko Hata,et al.  Scalable high-resolution integral videography autostereoscopic display with a seamless multiprojection system. , 2005, Applied optics.

[20]  Hongen Liao,et al.  Autostereoscopic 3D Display with Long Visualization Depth Using Referential Viewing Area-Based Integral Photography , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[21]  B. Javidi,et al.  Large depth-of-focus time-multiplexed three-dimensional integral imaging by use of lenslets with nonuniform focal lengths and aperture sizes. , 2003 .

[22]  J Arai,et al.  Real-time pickup method for a three-dimensional image based on integral photography. , 1997, Applied optics.

[23]  S. Min,et al.  Multiple-viewing-zone integral imaging using a dynamic barrier array for three-dimensional displays. , 2003, Optics express.

[24]  C. Burckhardt Optimum Parameters and Resolution Limitation of Integral Photography , 1968 .

[25]  Ayatollah Karimzadeh Analysis of the depth of field in hexagonal array integral imaging systems based on modulation transfer function and Strehl ratio. , 2016, Applied optics.

[26]  Joohwan Kim,et al.  Layered-panel integral imaging without the translucent problem. , 2005, Optics express.

[27]  B. Javidi,et al.  Spatiotemporally multiplexed integral imaging projector for large-scale high-resolution three-dimensional display. , 2004, Optics express.

[28]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Improved resolution 3D object sensing and recognition using time multiplexed computational integral imaging. , 2003, Optics express.

[29]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Viewing-angle-enhanced integral imaging by lens switching. , 2002, Optics letters.

[30]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Improved viewing resolution of three-dimensional integral imaging by use of nonstationary micro-optics. , 2002, Optics letters.

[31]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Improved resolution 3D object reconstruction using computational integral imaging with time multiplexing. , 2004, Optics express.