Comparing and Analyzing Policy Formulation of Proposed and Final Public Policies

This study was funded by National Science Foundation under the title "Shale Policy Conflict and Cooperation in the U.S." (Award ID # 1734294/1734310.), and "RCN: Coordinating and Advancing Analytical Approaches for Policy Design" (Award ID # 1917908). We thank Ramiro Berardo, Federico Holm, Saba Siddiki, Hongtao Yi, Jill Yordy, and Jongeun You for helping collect the data and contributing to its broader research project. We appreciate the IRPP editors' and anonymous reviewers' assistance in improving the article's arguments.

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