Modelling of Hypersonic Flow Phenomena

This study focuses on the numerical simulation of supersonic flows around a missile with lattice wings. In order to reduce the computational cost for such a configuration, the actuator disc concept is chosen to model the effects of grid fins. This approach is coupled with a Navier-Stokes solver in order to predict the forces and moments on a complete vehicle. The method consists in replacing the lattice controls by artificial boundary conditions where the forces involved by the grid fins are applied. These forces are interpolated from an experimental database. Numerical simulations are performed for laminar and turbulent flows for several Mach numbers and angles of attack. The results are compared to experimental data in order to validate the method. The comparisons reveal some discrepancies which are mainly due to the turbulence effects and to the database from which the forces resulting from the lattice wings are interpolated. The method allows the prediction of the forces applied on the vehicle and therefore an estimate of its aerodynamic performances. The computations validate the approach and show its potential as a tool for vehicle design.

[1]  J.M.A. Longo,et al.  Aerodynamic optimization of re-entry capsules , 2001 .

[2]  Iain D. Boyd,et al.  Simulation of micro-scale aerodynamics , 2003 .

[3]  S. Schneider.  Flight Data for Boundary-Layer Transition at Hypersonic and Supersonic Speeds , 1999 .

[4]  D. I. A. Poll.  Implications of 3-D transition mechanisms on the performances of space vehicles , 1995 .

[5]  Unmeel B. Mehta,et al.  Synthesis of Contributed Simulations for OREX Test Cases , 1998 .

[6]  Xiaolin Zhong,et al.  Numerical Simulations of Transient Growth in a Mach 15 Boundary Layer over a Blunt Leading Edge , 2003 .

[7]  Meng-Sing Liou,et al.  Ten Years in the Making: AUSM-Family , 2001 .

[8]  Jerry Budd,et al.  A hypersonic flight test to document laminar/turbulent transition , 1999 .

[9]  Friedrich Kremer,et al.  Numerical Assessment on the Heating of the Rudder/Fin Gap in X38 Space Vehicle , 1999 .

[10]  George S. Dulikravich,et al.  Three-dimensional aerodynamic shape optimization using genetic evolution and gradient search algorithms , 1996 .

[11]  John W. Paulson,et al.  Aerothermodynamic testing requirements for future space transportation systems , 1995 .

[12]  John W. Paulson,et al.  Experimental and Computational Analysis of Shuttle Orbiter Hypersonic Trim Anomaly , 1995 .

[13]  William L. Oberkampf,et al.  AIAA COMMITTEE ON STANDARDS FOR COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS: STATUS AND PLANS , 2004 .

[14]  Xiaolin Zhong,et al.  Leading Edge Receptivity of Gortler Vortices in a Mach 15 Flow over a Blunt Wedge , 2003 .

[15]  Houshang B. Ebrahimi.  An Overview of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Application to Advanced Propulsion Systems , 2004 .

[16]  Richard Schwane,et al.  Unsteady Numerical Simulations of the Flow in a Truncated Ideal Contour Nozzle under Free Shock Separation Conditions , 2003 .

[17]  T. Eggers,et al.  The Effect of Catalycity on the Heating of the X-38 Shape , 1997 .

[18]  Dimitri J. Mavriplis,et al.  Directional Agglomeration Multigrid Techniques for High-Reynolds Number Viscous Flows , 1998 .

[19]  William L. Oberkampf,et al.  Guide for the verification and validation of computational fluid dynamics simulations , 1998 .

[20]  A. Jameson,et al.  Numerical solution of the Euler equations by finite volume methods using Runge Kutta time stepping schemes , 1981 .

[21]  Yoshiaki Nakamura,et al.  Numerical Simulation on Aerodynamic Interaction Between a Side Jet and Flow Around a Blunt Body in Hypersonic Flow , 2003 .

[22]  Paul Wercinski,et al.  Shuttle Orbiter Contingency Abort Aerodynamics: Real-Gas Effects and High Angles of Attack , 2003 .

[23]  Heinrich Lüdeke.  Computation of Görtler Vortices in Separated Hypersonic Flows , 2001 .

[24]  Scott A. Berry,et al.  Boundary layer transition due to isolated roughness - Shuttle results from the LaRC 20-inch Mach 6 tunnel , 1997 .

[25]  Diane M. A. Poirier,et al.  CFD general notation system (CGNS) - Status and future directions , 2002 .

[26]  T Haftka Raphael,et al.  Multidisciplinary aerospace design optimization: survey of recent developments , 1996 .

[27]  Klaus Hannemann,et al.  High Enthalpy Flows in the HEG Shock Tunnel: Experiment and Numerical Rebuilding (Invited) , 2003 .

[28]  D. Herrmann,et al.  Transport properties of high temperature air , 1977 .

[29]  Robert E. Childs,et al.  Best Practices for Reduction of Uncertainty in CFD Results , 2003 .

[30]  P. Spalart.  Strategies for turbulence modelling and simulations , 2000 .

[31]  J. Cousteix,et al.  Recent studies on transition and turbulence at ONERA/CERT , 1991 .

[32]  M. Capitelli,et al.  Transport properties of high temperature air in local thermodynamic equilibrium , 2000 .

[33]  J.M.A. Longo,et al.  Aerothermodynamics - A critical review at DLR , 2003 .

[34]  Th. Eggers,et al.  Design Studies of the JAPHAR Experimental Vehicle for Dual Mode Ramjet Demonstration , 2001 .

[35]  H. Lomax,et al.  Thin-layer approximation and algebraic model for separated turbulent flows , 1978 .

[36]  Neal T. Frink,et al.  Tetrahedral Unstructured Navier-Stokes Method for Turbulent Flows , 1998 .

[37]  Sung-Soo Kim,et al.  Multigrid Algorithm for Computing Hypersonic, Chemically Reacting Flows , 2001 .

[38]  Peter A. Gnoffo,et al.  Collaborative Software Development in Support of Fast Adaptive AeroSpace Tools (FAAST) , 2003 .

[39]  Andreas Mack,et al.  Flowfield Topology Changes due to Fluid-Structure Interaction in Hypersonic Flow using ANSYS and TAU , 2004 .

[40]  Andre Chatelain,et al.  Computational Study of a Plume-induced Flow Separation on a Boat-tailed Afterbody , 2002 .

[41]  Dinesh K. Prabhu,et al.  Current Grid Generation Strategies and Future Requirements in Hypersonic Vehicle Design, Analysis and Testing , 1999 .

[42]  Ping Chen,et al.  Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics/Aerothermoelastics Methodology for Reusable Launch Vehicles/TPS Design and Analysis , 2003 .

[43]  Takeshi Ito,et al.  CFD Evaluation of Catalytic Model on SiO2-Based TPS in Arc-Heated Wind Tunnel , 2003 .

[44]  Krishnan Mahesh,et al.  Modeling shock unsteadiness in shock/turbulence interaction , 2003 .

[45]  Kumar Ajay,et al.  Advances in Computational Capabilities for Hypersonic Flows , 1997 .

[46]  Sanjiva Lele,et al.  Simulation and Analysis of Stagnation Point Heat Transfer Under Free-Stream Turbulence , 2003 .