X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies – III. Calibration of the LX-SFR relation up to redshift z ≈ 1.3

We investigate the relation between total X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies and their star formation activity. Using nearby late-type galaxies and ULIRGs from Paper I and star-forming galaxies from Chandra Deep Fields, we construct a sample of 66 galaxies spanning the redshift range z � 0 1.3 and the star-formation rate (SFR) range � 0.1 10 3 M⊙ yr −1 . In agreement with previous results, we find that the LX SFR relation is consistent with a linear law both at z = 0 and for the z = 0.1 1.3 CDF galaxies, within the statistical accuracy of � 0.1 in the slope of the LX SFR relation. For the total sample, we find a linear scaling relation LX/SFR � (4.0 ± 0.4)× 10 39 (ergs −1 )/(M⊙ yr −1 ), with a scatter of � 0.4 dex. About � 2/3 of the 0.5–8 keV luminosity generated per unit SFR is expected to be due to HMXBs. We find no statistically significant trends in the mean LX/SFR ratio with the redshift or star formation rate and constrain the amplitude of its variations by . 0.1 0.2 dex. These properties make X-ray observations a powerful tool to measure the star formation rate in normal star-forming galaxies that dominate the source counts at faint fluxes.

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