Reducing cyclic dispersion in autoignition combustion by controlling fuel injection timing

Model-based control design for reducing the cyclic variability (CV) in lean autoignition combustion is presented. The design is based on a recently proposed control-oriented model that captures the experimental observations of CV. The model is extended here to include the effect of the fuel injection timing, which is an effective way of influencing the combustion phasing. This model is only stable for certain amounts of residual gas. For high amounts, runaway behavior occurs where the combustion phasing occurs increasingly earlier. For low amounts, a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations occurs leading to chaotic behavior. This complex dynamics is further complicated with significant levels of noise, which creates a challenging control problem. With the aim at controllers feasible for on-board implementation, a proportional controller and a reduced-order state feedback controller are designed, with feedback from the combustion phasing. The controllers are evaluated by simulations and the results show that the CV can be significantly reduced, in an operating point of engine speed and load, for a wide range of residual gas fractions.

[1]  J. C. Livengood,et al.  Correlation of autoignition phenomena in internal combustion engines and rapid compression machines , 1955 .

[2]  Edward Ott,et al.  Controlling chaos , 2006, Scholarpedia.

[3]  K. Showalter,et al.  Controlling chemical chaos , 1991 .

[4]  Valery Petrov,et al.  Controlling chaos in the Belousov—Zhabotinsky reaction , 1993, Nature.

[5]  Ying-Cheng Lai,et al.  Controlling chaos , 1994 .

[6]  J. Willand,et al.  The Knocking Syndrome - Its Cure and Its Potential , 1998 .

[7]  Francis Thomas Connolly,et al.  Controlling Cyclic Combustion Variations in Lean‐Fueled Spark‐Ignition Engines , 2002 .

[8]  Hans-Erik Ångström,et al.  Integrated Simulation and Engine Test of Closed Loop HCCI Control by aid of Variable Valve Timings , 2003 .

[9]  Tomonori Urushihara,et al.  Expansion of HCCI Operating Region by the Combination of Direct Fuel Injection, Negative Valve Overlap and Internal Fuel Reformation , 2003 .

[10]  Ingemar Denbratt,et al.  Demonstrating a SI-HCCI-SI Mode Change on a Volvo 5-Cylinder Electronic Valve Control Engine , 2003 .

[11]  Rolf Johansson,et al.  Closed‐loop combustion control of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine dynamics , 2004 .

[12]  A. Stefanopoulou,et al.  A mean-value model for control of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines , 2005 .

[13]  N. Wermuth,et al.  Enhancing Light Load HCCI Combustion in a Direct Injection Gasoline Engine by Fuel Reforming During Recompression , 2009 .

[14]  C. Edwards,et al.  Experimental study of recompression reaction for low-load operation in direct-injection homogeneous charge compression ignition engines with n-heptane and i-octane fuels , 2009 .

[15]  Christopher F. Edwards,et al.  Understanding chemical effects in low-load-limit extension of homogeneous charge compression ignition engines via recompression reaction , 2009 .

[16]  Anna G. Stefanopoulou,et al.  Sensitivity Analysis of Combustion Timing of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Gasoline Engines , 2009 .

[17]  A. F. Jungkunz,et al.  Reducing combustion variation of late-phasing HCCI with cycle-to-cycle exhaust valve timing control , 2010 .

[18]  Hsien-Hsin Liao,et al.  Modeling and control of exhaust recompression HCCI using split injection , 2010, Proceedings of the 2010 American Control Conference.

[19]  J. Christian Gerdes,et al.  Model-Based Control of HCCI Engines Using Exhaust Recompression , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[20]  Erik Hellström,et al.  Modeling cyclic dispersion in autoignition combustion , 2011, IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference.

[21]  A. F. Jungkunz,et al.  Combustion Phasing Variation Reduction for Late-Phasing HCCI Through Cycle-to-Cycle Pilot Injection Timing Control , 2011 .

[22]  Li Jiang,et al.  Understanding the Dynamic Evolution of Cyclic Variability at the Operating Limits of HCCI Engines with Negative Valve Overlap , 2012 .

[23]  Erik Hellström,et al.  Cyclic Variability and Dynamical Instabilities in Autoignition Engines With High Residuals , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.