For Whom the Bell Tolls: Parenting Decisions and Challenges Faced by Mothers Who Are HIV Seropositive

We delineate critical parenting issues faced by mothers who are HIV seroposttive. These issues, which must be considered within the environmental context in which most of these women live, include major life decisions (pregnancy, disclosure, future planning) and daily life challenges (day-to-day parenting, managing other burdens). Research is virtually nonexistent and, as most parenting issues faced by mothers who are seroposttive are unique, “it is not possible to draw upon work with other parents for direction and solution. Research on the parenting issues faced by these women is needed to guide interventions and policy.

[1]  I. de Vincenzi,et al.  A Longitudinal Study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission by Heterosexual Partners , 1994 .

[2]  G. Powell-Cope,et al.  Themes of loss and dying in caring for a family member with AIDS. , 1993, Research in nursing & health.

[3]  C. Levine,et al.  Estimates of the number of motherless youth orphaned by AIDS in the United States. , 1992 .

[4]  M. Handley,et al.  HIV disease and AIDS in women: current knowledge and a research agenda. , 1992, Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes.

[5]  M. Oxtoby,et al.  Estimated number of AIDS orphans in the United States. , 1992, Pediatrics.

[6]  J. Kelly,et al.  Psychological interventions with AIDS and HIV: prevention and treatment. , 1992, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[7]  A. English The HIV-AIDS epidemic and the child welfare system: protecting the rights of infants, young children, and adolescents. , 1992, Iowa law review.

[8]  M. Chamberland,et al.  Epidemiology of women with AIDS in the United States, 1981 through 1990. A comparison with heterosexual men with AIDS. , 1991, JAMA.

[9]  A. Mayers,et al.  Psychosocial aspects of AIDS in children and adolescents. , 1991, Pediatric clinics of North America.

[10]  C. Levine,et al.  HIV and childbearing.1. Uncertain risks and bitter realities: the reproductive choices of HIV-infected women. , 1990, The Milbank quarterly.

[11]  J. Chin Current and future dimensions of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in women and children , 1990, The Lancet.

[12]  W. Andiman,et al.  Rate of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection from mother to child and short-term outcome of neonatal infection. Results of a prospective cohort study. , 1990, American journal of diseases of children.

[13]  O'Donnell Tg,et al.  Parents as caregivers: when a son has AIDS. , 1990 .

[14]  D. D. Des Jarlais,et al.  Target groups for preventing AIDS among intravenous drug users: 2. The "hard" data studies. , 1990, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[15]  R. Makuch,et al.  Survival in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection , 1989 .

[16]  H. Minkoff,et al.  HIV disease in reproductive age women: a problem of the present. , 1989, JAMA.

[17]  G. Herek,et al.  An epidemic of stigma. Public reactions to AIDS. , 1988, The American psychologist.

[18]  J. Watkins Responding to the HIV epidemic. A national strategy. , 1988, The American psychologist.

[19]  J. Martin,et al.  The impact of AIDS on gay male sexual behavior patterns in New York City. , 1987, American journal of public health.

[20]  M. Mishel,et al.  The Measurement of Uncertainty in Illness , 1981, Nursing research.

[21]  C. Sanders A Comparison of Adult Bereavement in the Death of a Spouse, Child, and Parent , 1980 .

[22]  U. Bronfenbrenner Contexts of child rearing: Problems and prospects. , 1979 .

[23]  R. Fulton,et al.  A Psychosocial Aspect of Terminal Care: Anticipatory Grief , 1971 .

[24]  L. Sherr,et al.  The child in the family--responding to AIDS and HIV. , 1993, AIDS care.

[25]  G. Green Editorial review: Social support and HIV , 1993 .

[26]  J. Rodin,et al.  Women and AIDS in the United States: epidemiology, natural history, and mediating mechanisms. , 1992, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[27]  J. Catania,et al.  Changes in condom use among homosexual men in San Francisco. , 1991, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[28]  B. J. Kaplan,et al.  Double victims: poor women and AIDS. , 1991, Women & health.

[29]  D. D. Jarlais,et al.  AIDS Prevention Programs for Intravenous Drug Users: diversity and evolution , 1989 .

[30]  L. Pearlin,et al.  Stress of AIDS caregiving: a preliminary overview of the issues. , 1988, Death studies.

[31]  W. Graziano,et al.  Parent perceptions and parent-child interactions in clinic-referred children: a preliminary investigation of the effects of maternal depressive moods. , 1986, Behaviour research and therapy.