Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities, Version 1.2019.

The aim of the NCCN Guidelines for Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities is to provide guidance on the management of immune-related adverse events resulting from cancer immunotherapy. The NCCN Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities Panel is an interdisciplinary group of representatives from NCCN Member Institutions and ASCO, consisting of medical and hematologic oncologists with expertise in a wide array of disease sites, and experts from the fields of dermatology, gastroenterology, neuro-oncology, nephrology, emergency medicine, cardiology, oncology nursing, and patient advocacy. Several panel representatives are members of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC). The initial version of the NCCN Guidelines was designed in general alignment with recommendations published by ASCO and SITC. The content featured in this issue is an excerpt of the recommendations for managing toxicity related to immune checkpoint blockade and a review of existing evidence. For the full version of the NCCN Guidelines, including recommendations for managing toxicities related to chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, visit NCCN.org.

[1]  J. Vose,et al.  Prophylactic Corticosteroid Use with Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (Axi-Cel) in Patients (Pts) with Relapsed/Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma (R/R LBCL): One-Year Follow-up of ZUMA-1 Cohort 6 (C6) , 2021, Blood.

[2]  M. Suarez‐Almazor,et al.  Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy: ASCO Guideline , 2021, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[3]  R. Houot,et al.  Earlier corticosteroid use for adverse event management in patients receiving axicabtagene ciloleucel for large B‐cell lymphoma , 2021, British journal of haematology.

[4]  J. Vose,et al.  Prophylactic corticosteroid use in patients receiving axicabtagene ciloleucel for large B‐cell lymphoma , 2021, British journal of haematology.

[5]  J. Kochenderfer,et al.  A comparison of chimeric antigen receptors containing CD28 versus 4-1BB costimulatory domains , 2021, Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.

[6]  S. Jagannath,et al.  Ciltacabtagene autoleucel, a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-1): a phase 1b/2 open-label study , 2021, The Lancet.

[7]  R. Houot,et al.  KTE-X19 for relapsed or refractory adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: phase 2 results of the single-arm, open-label, multicentre ZUMA-3 study , 2021, The Lancet.

[8]  S. Gill,et al.  CAR T-Cell Therapy in Hematologic Malignancies: Clinical Role, Toxicity, and Unanswered Questions. , 2021, American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting.

[9]  H. Goldschmidt,et al.  Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma. , 2021, The New England journal of medicine.

[10]  W. Stock,et al.  Management of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy using anti-cytokine therapy: an illustrative case and review of the literature , 2021, Leukemia & lymphoma.

[11]  Xiaoming Feng,et al.  Ruxolitinib mitigates steroid‐refractory CRS during CAR T therapy , 2020, Journal of cellular and molecular medicine.

[12]  Matthew J. Frigault,et al.  Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immune effector cell-related adverse events , 2020, Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer.

[13]  G. Salles,et al.  Primary Analysis of Zuma-5: A Phase 2 Study of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (Axi-Cel) in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (iNHL) , 2020 .

[14]  Michael L. Wang,et al.  Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study , 2020, The Lancet.

[15]  M. Perales,et al.  Hematopoietic recovery in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancies. , 2020, Blood advances.

[16]  Min Wang,et al.  Adjuvant ruxolitinib therapy relieves steroid-refractory cytokine-release syndrome without impairing chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell function. , 2020, Immunotherapy.

[17]  S. Nikiforow,et al.  Clinical Predictors of Neurotoxicity After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy. , 2020, JAMA neurology.

[18]  Weian Zhao,et al.  CAR-T design: Elements and their synergistic function , 2020, EBioMedicine.

[19]  Matthew J. Frigault,et al.  Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in the Non-Trial Setting: Outcomes and Correlates of Response, Resistance, and Toxicity. , 2020, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[20]  Michael R. Green,et al.  Clinical efficacy of anakinra to mitigate CAR T-cell therapy-associated toxicity in large B-cell lymphoma. , 2020, Blood advances.

[21]  J. Vose,et al.  Standard-of-Care Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Results From the US Lymphoma CAR T Consortium. , 2020, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[22]  S. Jagannath,et al.  Myeloma CAR-T CRS Management With IL-1R Antagonist Anakinra. , 2020, Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia.

[23]  H. Einsele,et al.  Continuous renal replacement therapy in cytokine release syndrome following immunotherapy or cellular therapies? , 2020, Journal for immunotherapy of cancer.

[24]  J. Pinilla-Ibarz,et al.  Immune reconstitution and associated infections following axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma , 2020, Haematologica.

[25]  S. Steinberg,et al.  CD4/CD8 T-Cell Selection Affects Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Potency and Toxicity: Updated Results From a Phase I Anti-CD22 CAR T-Cell Trial. , 2020, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[26]  Michael L. Wang,et al.  KTE-X19 CAR T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory Mantle-Cell Lymphoma. , 2020, The New England journal of medicine.

[27]  C. Turtle,et al.  Neurotoxicities After CAR T-Cell Immunotherapy , 2020 .

[28]  Francesco Ceppi,et al.  Hematologic and Non-CRS Toxicities , 2020 .

[29]  T. Kindwall‐Keller,et al.  Management of Cytokine Release Syndrome , 2020, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapies for Cancer.

[30]  Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapies for Cancer , 2020 .

[31]  L. Lekakis,et al.  Incidence and risk factors associated with a syndrome of persistent cytopenias after CAR-T cell therapy (PCTT) , 2019, Leukemia & lymphoma.

[32]  Dae Hyun Lee,et al.  Cardiovascular Events Among Adults Treated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells (CAR-T). , 2019, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[33]  M. Jensen,et al.  Preemptive Mitigation of CD19 CAR T Cell Cytokine Release Syndrome Without Attenuation of Anti-Leukemic Efficacy. , 2019, Blood.

[34]  H. Hinson,et al.  Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Related Neurotoxicity: Mechanisms, Clinical Presentation, and Approach to Treatment , 2019, Current Treatment Options in Neurology.

[35]  N. Dunbar,et al.  Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice – Evidence‐Based Approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Eighth Special Issue , 2019, Journal of clinical apheresis.

[36]  Matthew J. Frigault,et al.  Clinical presentation, management, and biomarkers of neurotoxicity after adoptive immunotherapy with CAR T cells. , 2019, Blood.

[37]  M. Milone,et al.  An introduction to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell immunotherapy for human cancer , 2019, American journal of hematology.

[38]  Dennis Grauer,et al.  Corticosteroids for the management of immune-related adverse events in patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors , 2019, Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners.

[39]  B. Blaser,et al.  Cytopenias after Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells (CAR-T) Infusion; Patterns and Outcomes , 2019, Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

[40]  J. Schachter,et al.  Early and late hematologic toxicity following CD19 CAR-T cells , 2019, Bone Marrow Transplantation.

[41]  I. Flinn,et al.  Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1-2 trial. , 2019, The Lancet. Oncology.

[42]  H. Calderon,et al.  Engineering and Design of Chimeric Antigen Receptors , 2018, Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development.

[43]  S. Grupp,et al.  ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells. , 2019, Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

[44]  G. Salles,et al.  Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma , 2019, The New England journal of medicine.

[45]  B. Lei,et al.  A phase 1, open-label study of LCAR-B38M, a chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy directed against B cell maturation antigen, in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma , 2018, Journal of Hematology & Oncology.

[46]  M. Dhodapkar,et al.  Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapies for the treatment of hematologic malignancies: clinical perspective and significance , 2018, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[47]  R. Sullivan,et al.  Fatal Toxic Effects Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis , 2018, JAMA oncology.

[48]  Ami A. Shah,et al.  Clinical presentation of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis differs by immunotherapy regimen. , 2018, Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism.

[49]  Xiaoyuan He,et al.  Plasma Exchange Can Be an Alternative Therapeutic Modality for Severe Cytokine Release Syndrome after Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Infusion: A Case Report , 2018, Clinical Cancer Research.

[50]  Hongling Zhang,et al.  Hemofiltration Successfully Eliminates Severe Cytokine Release Syndrome Following CD19 CAR-T-Cell Therapy , 2018, Journal of immunotherapy.

[51]  Mauro Piacentini,et al.  The biological basis and clinical symptoms of CAR-T therapy-associated toxicites , 2018, Cell Death & Disease.

[52]  Gregory Riely,et al.  Impact of Baseline Steroids on Efficacy of Programmed Cell Death-1 and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Blockade in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. , 2018, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[53]  B. Widemann,et al.  Improved CNS exposure to tocilizumab after cerebrospinal fluid compared to intravenous administration in rhesus macaques. , 2018, Blood.

[54]  D. Venzon,et al.  Quantification of B-cell maturation antigen, a target for novel chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in Myeloma. , 2018, Leukemia research.

[55]  H. Griffis,et al.  Cardiac Profile of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Children: A Single-Institution Experience. , 2018, Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

[56]  R. Bresalier,et al.  Endoscopic and Histologic Features of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Colitis. , 2018, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[57]  Michel Sadelain,et al.  Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy. , 2018, The New England journal of medicine.

[58]  N. Ramaiya,et al.  Multimodality imaging of endocrine immune related adverse events: a primer for radiologists. , 2018, Clinical imaging.

[59]  Mark S. Anderson,et al.  Collateral Damage: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Induced With Checkpoint Inhibitors , 2018, Diabetes.

[60]  L. Deangelis,et al.  Clinical and Biological Correlates of Neurotoxicity Associated with CAR T-cell Therapy in Patients with B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. , 2018, Cancer discovery.

[61]  R. Pazdur,et al.  FDA analysis of pembrolizumab trials in multiple myeloma: Immune related adverse events (irAEs) and response. , 2018 .

[62]  C. Shields,et al.  CHECKPOINT INHIBITOR IMMUNE THERAPY: Systemic Indications and Ophthalmic Side Effects , 2018, Retina.

[63]  A. Rosenberg,et al.  Hepatotoxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors: An evolving picture of risk associated with a vital class of immunotherapy agents , 2018, Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver.

[64]  H. D. Liggitt,et al.  Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Mediated Neurotoxicity in Nonhuman Primates. , 2018, Cancer discovery.

[65]  D. Samuel,et al.  Characterization of liver injury induced by cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. , 2018, Journal of hepatology.

[66]  M. Sadelain,et al.  CAR T cell–induced cytokine release syndrome is mediated by macrophages and abated by IL-1 blockade , 2018, Nature Medicine.

[67]  C. Doglioni,et al.  Monocyte-derived IL-1 and IL-6 are differentially required for cytokine-release syndrome and neurotoxicity due to CAR T cells , 2018, Nature Medicine.

[68]  O. Rahma,et al.  Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Toxicities of Checkpoint Inhibitors: Algorithms for Management. , 2018, American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting.

[69]  U. Topaloglu,et al.  Severe neurologic complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a single-center review , 2018, Journal of Neurology.

[70]  G. Raju,et al.  Immune-checkpoint inhibitor-induced diarrhea and colitis in patients with advanced malignancies: retrospective review at MD Anderson , 2018, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[71]  R. Morgan,et al.  Effective Targeting of Multiple B-Cell Maturation Antigen-Expressing Hematological Malignances by Anti-B-Cell Maturation Antigen Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells. , 2018, Human Gene Therapy.

[72]  R. Sullivan,et al.  Myocarditis in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. , 2018, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[73]  R. Pazdur,et al.  FDA Approval Summary: Tocilizumab for Treatment of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell‐Induced Severe or Life‐Threatening Cytokine Release Syndrome , 2018, The oncologist.

[74]  S. Laurie,et al.  The Risk of Diarrhea and Colitis in Patients With Advanced Melanoma Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis , 2018, Journal of immunotherapy.

[75]  R. Rosell,et al.  Clinical assessment of immune-related adverse events , 2018, Therapeutic advances in medical oncology.

[76]  M. Hellmann,et al.  Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade. , 2018, The New England journal of medicine.

[77]  Bénédicte Lebrun-Vignes,et al.  Increased reporting of fatal immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis , 2018, The Lancet.

[78]  J. Schachter,et al.  Rheumatic manifestations among cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. , 2018, Autoimmunity reviews.

[79]  M. Atkins,et al.  Emerging Role of Vedolizumab in Managing Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Enteritis , 2018, ACG case reports journal.

[80]  K. Kelly,et al.  Safety profile of avelumab in patients with advanced solid tumors: A pooled analysis of data from the phase 1 JAVELIN solid tumor and phase 2 JAVELIN Merkel 200 clinical trials , 2018, Cancer.

[81]  S. Seo,et al.  Cytokine Release Syndrome Grade as a Predictive Marker for Infections in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells , 2018, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[82]  M. Suarez‐Almazor,et al.  Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline. , 2018, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[83]  P. Hwu,et al.  Toxicity management after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: one size does not fit 'ALL' , 2018, Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.

[84]  Y. Chae,et al.  Cancer immunotherapy in a neglected population: The current use and future of T-cell-mediated checkpoint inhibitors in organ transplant patients. , 2018, Cancer treatment reviews.

[85]  K. Davis,et al.  Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B‐Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia , 2018, The New England journal of medicine.

[86]  M. Suarez‐Almazor,et al.  Use of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Patients With Cancer and Preexisting Autoimmune Disease , 2018, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[87]  F. Khuri,et al.  Comparison of the toxicity profile of PD‐1 versus PD‐L1 inhibitors in non–small cell lung cancer: A systematic analysis of the literature , 2018, Cancer.

[88]  M. Lotem,et al.  Neurologic complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors , 2018, Journal of Neuro-Oncology.

[89]  Matthew D. Hellmann,et al.  Immune‐Related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade , 2018, The New England journal of medicine.

[90]  E. Rozeman,et al.  Immune checkpoint inhibition-related colitis: symptoms, endoscopic features, histology and response to management , 2018, ESMO Open.

[91]  M. Pulsipher,et al.  Hypogammaglobulinemia due to CAR T-cell therapy , 2017, Pediatric blood & cancer.

[92]  W. Barry,et al.  Incidence of Endocrine Dysfunction Following the Use of Different Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis , 2017, JAMA oncology.

[93]  P. Kamath,et al.  Hepatotoxicity After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Melanoma: Natural Progression and Management , 2017, American journal of clinical oncology.

[94]  Ji Sun,et al.  Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Immunotherapy , 2018 .

[95]  Douglas B. Johnson,et al.  Safety of resuming anti-PD-1 in patients with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) during combined anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD1 in metastatic melanoma , 2018, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[96]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Measuring Toxic Effects and Time to Treatment Failure for Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Melanoma , 2018, JAMA oncology.

[97]  T. Kikuchi,et al.  Mycophenolate mofetil as a therapeutic agent for interstitial lung diseases in systemic sclerosis. , 2018, Respiratory investigation.

[98]  D. Bonaduce,et al.  Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiac Toxicity: An Emerging Issue. , 2018, Current medicinal chemistry.

[99]  L. Heinzerling,et al.  Life-threatening Autoimmune Cardiomyopathy Reproducibly Induced in a Patient by Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. , 2018, Journal of immunotherapy.

[100]  P. Hwu,et al.  Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy — assessment and management of toxicities , 2018, Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.

[101]  V. Sibaud Dermatologic Reactions to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors , 2018, American Journal of Clinical Dermatology.

[102]  R. Levy,et al.  Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T‐Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B‐Cell Lymphoma , 2017, The New England journal of medicine.

[103]  M. Wurfel,et al.  Endothelial Activation and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Neurotoxicity after Adoptive Immunotherapy with CD19 CAR-T Cells. , 2017, Cancer discovery.

[104]  D. Ricard,et al.  Neurological toxicities associated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors , 2017, Current opinion in neurology.

[105]  F. Dhermain,et al.  Combined irradiation and targeted therapy or immune checkpoint blockade in brain metastases: toxicities and efficacy , 2017, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[106]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Pooled Analysis Safety Profile of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Combination Therapy in Patients With Advanced Melanoma. , 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[107]  Daniel Li,et al.  Kinetics and biomarkers of severe cytokine release syndrome after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy. , 2017, Blood.

[108]  M. Suarez‐Almazor,et al.  Managing toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: consensus recommendations from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Toxicity Management Working Group , 2017, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[109]  Douglas B. Johnson,et al.  Smoldering myocarditis following immune checkpoint blockade , 2017, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[110]  Ami A. Shah,et al.  Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Immune‐Related Adverse Events Due to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review of the Literature , 2017, Arthritis care & research.

[111]  K. O'Byrne,et al.  Pembrolizumab‐Induced Encephalopathy: A Review of Neurological Toxicities with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors , 2017, Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

[112]  M. Fernández-Figueras,et al.  Hair Repigmentation During Immunotherapy Treatment With an Anti–Programmed Cell Death 1 and Anti–Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Agent for Lung Cancer , 2017, JAMA dermatology.

[113]  C. V. van Herpen,et al.  Nivolumab-associated Nephrotic Syndrome in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report , 2017, Journal of immunotherapy.

[114]  Peng-fei Wang,et al.  Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Treatment for Malignancies: A Meta-Analysis , 2017, Front. Pharmacol..

[115]  D. Maloney,et al.  Infectious complications of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell immunotherapy. , 2017, Blood.

[116]  N. Staff,et al.  Neurological Complications Associated With Anti–Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) Antibodies , 2017, JAMA neurology.

[117]  L. Siu,et al.  Tumour- and class-specific patterns of immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review , 2017, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[118]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Overall Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma , 2017, The New England journal of medicine.

[119]  G. Widmann,et al.  Imaging Features of Toxicities by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy , 2017, Current Radiology Reports.

[120]  H. McArthur,et al.  Combined Radiation Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy for Breast Cancer. , 2017, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[121]  M. Atkins,et al.  Standard-dose pembrolizumab in combination with reduced-dose ipilimumab for patients with advanced melanoma (KEYNOTE-029): an open-label, phase 1b trial. , 2017, The Lancet. Oncology.

[122]  J. Coward,et al.  Myasthenia gravis: An emerging toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. , 2017, European journal of cancer.

[123]  A. Enk,et al.  Severe Ocular Myositis After Ipilimumab Treatment for Melanoma: A Report of 2 Cases. , 2017, Journal of immunotherapy.

[124]  R. Govindan,et al.  Phase III Trial of Ipilimumab Combined With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Advanced Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. , 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[125]  J. Larkin,et al.  Novel combination strategies for enhancing efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic solid malignancies , 2017, Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy.

[126]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Efficacy and Safety Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Melanoma Who Discontinued Treatment With Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Because of Adverse Events: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Phase II and III Trials. , 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[127]  A. Iyer,et al.  PD-1 and PD-L1 Checkpoint Signaling Inhibition for Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanism, Combinations, and Clinical Outcome , 2017, Front. Pharmacol..

[128]  Douglas B. Johnson,et al.  Incidence of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis in solid tumor patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis , 2017, Oncoimmunology.

[129]  C. Garbe,et al.  Severe hepatitis under combined immunotherapy: Resolution under corticosteroids plus anti-thymocyte immunoglobulins. , 2017, European journal of cancer.

[130]  J. Byrd,et al.  Durable Molecular Remissions in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated With CD19-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cells After Failure of Ibrutinib. , 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[131]  A. Kittai,et al.  Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Organ Transplant Patients , 2017, Journal of immunotherapy.

[132]  E. Plimack,et al.  Endocrine-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade and expert insights on their management. , 2017, Cancer treatment reviews.

[133]  A. Shinagare,et al.  Imaging of hepatic toxicity of systemic therapy in a tertiary cancer centre: chemotherapy, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, molecular targeted therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. , 2017, Clinical radiology.

[134]  K. Kerr,et al.  Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. , 2017, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[135]  Jiang F Zhong,et al.  Engineering CAR-T cells , 2017, Biomarker Research.

[136]  B. Carneiro,et al.  Clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies in checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis , 2017, Cancer management and research.

[137]  X. Mariette,et al.  Rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica occurring after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment , 2017, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[138]  D. Fisher,et al.  Immune and molecular correlates in melanoma treated with immune checkpoint blockade , 2017, Cancer.

[139]  R. Motzer,et al.  Immune‐related alopecia (areata and universalis) in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors , 2017, The British journal of dermatology.

[140]  J. Larkin,et al.  Neurologic Serious Adverse Events Associated with Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab or Nivolumab Alone in Advanced Melanoma, Including a Case Series of Encephalitis. , 2017, The oncologist.

[141]  Ami A. Shah,et al.  Inflammatory Arthritis: A Newly Recognized Adverse Event of Immune Checkpoint Blockade , 2017, The oncologist.

[142]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Management of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity associated with nivolumab (NIVO) plus ipilimumab (IPI) or IPI alone in phase II and III trials in advanced melanoma (MEL). , 2017 .

[143]  W. Miller,et al.  Reversal of Autoimmune Toxicity and Loss of Tumor Response by Interleukin-17 Blockade. , 2017, The New England journal of medicine.

[144]  P. Mazzone,et al.  Incidence of Pneumonitis With Use of Programmed Death 1 and Programmed Death‐Ligand 1 Inhibitors in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Trials , 2017, Chest.

[145]  D. Ang,et al.  Biologic Therapies for Autoimmune and Connective Tissue Diseases. , 2017, Immunology and allergy clinics of North America.

[146]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Ipilimumab 10 mg/kg versus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 trial. , 2017, The Lancet. Oncology.

[147]  N. Agarwal,et al.  Incidence of Immune-Related Adverse Events with Program Death Receptor-1- and Program Death Receptor-1 Ligand-Directed Therapies in Genitourinary Cancers , 2017, Front. Oncol..

[148]  A. Gesierich,et al.  Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy in patients with advanced melanoma and preexisting autoimmunity or ipilimumab-triggered autoimmunity. , 2017, European journal of cancer.

[149]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Cancer immunotherapy — immune checkpoint blockade and associated endocrinopathies , 2017, Nature Reviews Endocrinology.

[150]  S. Brant,et al.  Colonic ulcerations may predict steroid-refractory course in patients with ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis , 2017, World journal of gastroenterology.

[151]  C. Klein,et al.  Target Expression, Generation, Preclinical Activity, and Pharmacokinetics of the BCMA-T Cell Bispecific Antibody EM801 for Multiple Myeloma Treatment. , 2017, Cancer cell.

[152]  C. June,et al.  Ruxolitinib Prevents Cytokine Release Syndrome after Car T-Cell Therapy Without Impairing the Anti-Tumor Effect in a Xenograft Model , 2017 .

[153]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Safety Profile of Nivolumab Monotherapy: A Pooled Analysis of Patients With Advanced Melanoma. , 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[154]  S. Cuzzubbo,et al.  Neurological adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Review of the literature. , 2017, European journal of cancer.

[155]  C. Rudin,et al.  Pneumonitis in Patients Treated With Anti-Programmed Death-1/Programmed Death Ligand 1 Therapy. , 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[156]  T. Berg,et al.  Managing immune checkpoint-inhibitor-induced severe autoimmune-like hepatitis by liver-directed topical steroids. , 2017, Journal of hepatology.

[157]  P. Ott,et al.  Combining forces: the promise and peril of synergistic immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapy in metastatic melanoma , 2017, Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.

[158]  T. Choueiri,et al.  Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Key Immune-Related Adverse Events from CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Cancer Patients , 2017, Cancer Immunology Research.

[159]  A. Mehrabi,et al.  Immune-related ocular toxicities in solid tumor patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review , 2017, Expert review of anticancer therapy.

[160]  A. Carneiro,et al.  Vedolizumab treatment for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced enterocolitis , 2017, Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy.

[161]  Y. Fujisawa,et al.  Severe hepatitis arising from ipilimumab administration, following melanoma treatment with nivolumab. , 2017, Japanese journal of clinical oncology.

[162]  M. Garg,et al.  Current Diagnosis and Management of Immune Related Adverse Events (irAEs) Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy , 2017, Front. Pharmacol..

[163]  D. Teachey,et al.  Cytokine Release Syndrome After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia , 2017, Critical care medicine.

[164]  R. Bresalier,et al.  Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Complications of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors , 2017, Current Gastroenterology Reports.

[165]  K. Jhaveri,et al.  Adverse Renal Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Narrative Review , 2017, American Journal of Nephrology.

[166]  Bruce L. Levine,et al.  Global Manufacturing of CAR T Cell Therapy , 2016, Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development.

[167]  C. Rudin,et al.  Antibody-mediated thyroid dysfunction during T-cell checkpoint blockade in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer , 2016, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[168]  S. Moschos,et al.  Next steps in immuno-oncology: enhancing antitumor effects through appropriate patient selection and rationally designed combination strategies , 2016, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[169]  R. Sullivan,et al.  Anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with advanced melanoma and preexisting autoimmune disorders or major toxicity with ipilimumab , 2016, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[170]  S. Fishbane,et al.  Adverse Renal Effects of Novel Molecular Oncologic Targeted Therapies: A Narrative Review , 2016, Kidney international reports.

[171]  Ami A. Shah,et al.  Inflammatory arthritis and sicca syndrome induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab , 2016, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[172]  S. Gettinger,et al.  Nivolumab plus ipilimumab as first-line treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (CheckMate 012): results of an open-label, phase 1, multicohort study. , 2017, The Lancet. Oncology.

[173]  A. Palestine,et al.  Checkpoint inhibitor-induced uveitis: a case series , 2017, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[174]  A. Giobbie-Hurder,et al.  Incidence of Programmed Cell Death 1 Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. , 2016, JAMA oncology.

[175]  M. Cosottini,et al.  Hypophysitis Secondary to Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 Blockade: Insights into Pathogenesis from an Autopsy Series. , 2016, The American journal of pathology.

[176]  J. Mazières,et al.  Acute interstitial nephritis related to immune checkpoint inhibitors , 2016, British Journal of Cancer.

[177]  J. Seidman,et al.  Fulminant Myocarditis with Combination Immune Checkpoint Blockade. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[178]  G. Linette,et al.  Combined nivolumab and ipilimumab versus ipilimumab alone in patients with advanced melanoma: 2-year overall survival outcomes in a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. , 2016, The Lancet. Oncology.

[179]  N. LeBoeuf,et al.  Programmed cell death-1 pathway inhibitors in genitourinary malignancies: specific side-effects and their management , 2016, Current opinion in urology.

[180]  L. Sequist,et al.  Carboplatin and pemetrexed with or without pembrolizumab for advanced, non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomised, phase 2 cohort of the open-label KEYNOTE-021 study. , 2016, The Lancet. Oncology.

[181]  A. Hauschild,et al.  Prolonged Survival in Stage III Melanoma with Ipilimumab Adjuvant Therapy. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[182]  M. Postow,et al.  Treatment of the Immune-Related Adverse Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review. , 2016, JAMA oncology.

[183]  M. Konopleva,et al.  Malignancy‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults: Relation to hemophagocytosis, characteristics, and outcomes , 2016, Cancer.

[184]  J. Naidoo,et al.  Immune‐Related Adverse Events From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors , 2016, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[185]  U. Maggiore,et al.  The Bad and the Good News on Cancer Immunotherapy: Implications for Organ Transplant Recipients. , 2016, Advances in chronic kidney disease.

[186]  D. Leaf,et al.  Clinicopathological features of acute kidney injury associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. , 2016, Kidney international.

[187]  K. Yong,et al.  Evaluation of B cell maturation antigen as a target for antibody drug conjugate mediated cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma , 2016, British journal of haematology.

[188]  G. Uzel,et al.  CHAI and LATAIE: new genetic diseases of CTLA-4 checkpoint insufficiency. , 2016, Blood.

[189]  M. Brown,et al.  Vedolizumab: a novel treatment for ipilimumab-induced colitis , 2016, BMJ Case Reports.

[190]  Hussein Tawbi,et al.  Cardiotoxicity associated with CTLA4 and PD1 blocking immunotherapy , 2016, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[191]  E. Lipson,et al.  Association of Autoimmune Encephalitis With Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment for Metastatic Cancer. , 2016, JAMA neurology.

[192]  S. Gettinger,et al.  Association of Acute Interstitial Nephritis With Programmed Cell Death 1 Inhibitor Therapy in Lung Cancer Patients. , 2016, American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation.

[193]  Matthieu Texier,et al.  Safety profiles of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies alone and in combination , 2016, Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.

[194]  J. Taieb,et al.  Checkpoint inhibitors and gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events , 2016, Current opinion in oncology.

[195]  J. Antoun,et al.  Ocular and orbital side-effects of checkpoint inhibitors: a review article , 2016, Current opinion in oncology.

[196]  D. Teachey,et al.  Measuring IL-6 and sIL-6R in serum from patients treated with tocilizumab and/or siltuximab following CAR T cell therapy. , 2016, Journal of immunological methods.

[197]  S. Corsello,et al.  Endocrinological side-effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors , 2016, Current opinion in oncology.

[198]  D. Jäger,et al.  Nivolumab alone and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in recurrent small-cell lung cancer (CheckMate 032): a multicentre, open-label, phase 1/2 trial. , 2016, The Lancet. Oncology.

[199]  M. Postow,et al.  Immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations in solid tumors: opportunities and challenges. , 2016, Immunotherapy.

[200]  Xiuyan Wang,et al.  Clinical manufacturing of CAR T cells: foundation of a promising therapy , 2016, Molecular therapy oncolytics.

[201]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Characterisation and management of dermatologic adverse events to agents targeting the PD-1 receptor. , 2016, European journal of cancer.

[202]  J. Utikal,et al.  Neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, cardiac and ocular side-effects of anti-PD-1 therapy. , 2016, European journal of cancer.

[203]  Daniel Li,et al.  CD19 CAR-T cells of defined CD4+:CD8+ composition in adult B cell ALL patients. , 2016, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[204]  G. Wertheim,et al.  Identification of Predictive Biomarkers for Cytokine Release Syndrome after Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. , 2016, Cancer discovery.

[205]  N. Dunbar,et al.  Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice–Evidence‐Based Approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Seventh Special Issue , 2016, Journal of clinical apheresis.

[206]  J. Utikal,et al.  Cutaneous, gastrointestinal, hepatic, endocrine, and renal side-effects of anti-PD-1 therapy. , 2016, European journal of cancer.

[207]  L. Riella,et al.  Severe acute interstitial nephritis after combination immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy for metastatic melanoma , 2016, Clinical kidney journal.

[208]  B. Levine,et al.  Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for the Community Oncologist. , 2016, The oncologist.

[209]  C. Berking,et al.  Diagnosis, monitoring and management of immune-related adverse drug reactions of anti-PD-1 antibody therapy. , 2016, Cancer treatment reviews.

[210]  J. Wargo,et al.  Targeted Therapies Combined With Immune Checkpoint Therapy , 2016, Cancer journal.

[211]  J. Larkin,et al.  Management of toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors. , 2016, Cancer treatment reviews.

[212]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorders with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 , 2016, Cancer Immunology Research.

[213]  R. Sullivan,et al.  Ipilimumab Therapy in Patients With Advanced Melanoma and Preexisting Autoimmune Disorders. , 2016, JAMA oncology.

[214]  J. Soria,et al.  Immune-related adverse events with immune checkpoint blockade: a comprehensive review. , 2016, European journal of cancer.

[215]  K. Winthrop,et al.  Infection Risk and Safety of Corticosteroid Use. , 2016, Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America.

[216]  R. Montironi,et al.  New toxicity profile for novel immunotherapy agents: focus on immune-checkpoint inhibitors , 2016, Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology.

[217]  J. Soria,et al.  Association of Vitiligo With Tumor Response in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Treated With Pembrolizumab. , 2016, JAMA dermatology.

[218]  K. Flaherty,et al.  Prognostic Significance of Cutaneous Adverse Events Associated With Pembrolizumab Therapy. , 2015, JAMA oncology.

[219]  A. Daud,et al.  Pembrolizumab Cutaneous Adverse Events and Their Association With Disease Progression. , 2015, JAMA dermatology.

[220]  G. Gibney,et al.  Nivolumab in Resected and Unresectable Metastatic Melanoma: Characteristics of Immune-Related Adverse Events and Association with Outcomes , 2015, Clinical Cancer Research.

[221]  S. Mori,et al.  Hepatitis B virus reactivation associated with antirheumatic therapy: Risk and prophylaxis recommendations. , 2015, World journal of gastroenterology.

[222]  K. Anderson,et al.  Targeting B-cell maturation antigen in multiple myeloma. , 2015, Immunotherapy.

[223]  J. Kirkwood,et al.  Baseline circulating IL-17 predicts toxicity while TGF-β1 and IL-10 are prognostic of relapse in ipilimumab neoadjuvant therapy of melanoma , 2015, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[224]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Toxicities of the anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint antibodies. , 2015, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[225]  T. Barnetche,et al.  Immune related adverse events associated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies: systematic review and meta-analysis , 2015, BMC Medicine.

[226]  David L. Porter,et al.  Chimeric antigen receptor T cells persist and induce sustained remissions in relapsed refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia , 2015, Science Translational Medicine.

[227]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Immune-Related Adverse Events, Need for Systemic Immunosuppression, and Effects on Survival and Time to Treatment Failure in Patients With Melanoma Treated With Ipilimumab at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. , 2015, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[228]  E. Loftus,et al.  Systematic review: colitis associated with anti‐CTLA‐4 therapy , 2015, Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics.

[229]  A. Amin,et al.  Immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical practice: update on management of immune-related toxicities. , 2015, Translational lung cancer research.

[230]  Dirk Schadendorf,et al.  Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma. , 2015, The New England journal of medicine.

[231]  E. Lipson,et al.  Safety and efficacy of ipilimumab to treat advanced melanoma in the setting of liver transplantation , 2015, Journal of Immunotherapy for Cancer.

[232]  T. Schoeb,et al.  Th17 cells give rise to Th1 cells that are required for the pathogenesis of colitis , 2015, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[233]  M. Postow Managing immune checkpoint-blocking antibody side effects. , 2015, American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting.

[234]  A. Schram,et al.  How I treat hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the adult patient. , 2015, Blood.

[235]  P. Ascierto,et al.  Adjuvant ipilimumab versus placebo after complete resection of high-risk stage III melanoma (EORTC 18071): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. , 2015, The Lancet. Oncology.

[236]  J. Kench,et al.  Ipilimumab‐induced toxicities and the gastroenterologist , 2015, Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.

[237]  E. Lipson,et al.  Nivolumab: targeting PD-1 to bolster antitumor immunity. , 2015, Future oncology.

[238]  A. Zwinderman,et al.  Vitiligo-like depigmentation in patients with stage III-IV melanoma receiving immunotherapy and its association with survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2015, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[239]  Sadik H. Kassim,et al.  Chemotherapy-refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and indolent B-cell malignancies can be effectively treated with autologous T cells expressing an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor. , 2015, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[240]  Seth M Steinberg,et al.  T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial , 2015, The Lancet.

[241]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer Therapy. , 2015, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[242]  J. Lünemann,et al.  Intravenous immunoglobulin in neurology—mode of action and clinical efficacy , 2015, Nature Reviews Neurology.

[243]  A. Giobbie-Hurder,et al.  Systemic High-Dose Corticosteroid Treatment Does Not Improve the Outcome of Ipilimumab-Related Hypophysitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study , 2014, Clinical Cancer Research.

[244]  S. Grupp,et al.  Refractory Cytokine Release Syndrome in Recipients of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells , 2014 .

[245]  Pamela A Shaw,et al.  Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[246]  R. Sullivan,et al.  Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis: a detailed longitudinal analysis in a large cohort of patients with metastatic melanoma. , 2014, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[247]  S. Grupp,et al.  Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome. , 2014, Blood.

[248]  E. Lipson,et al.  Successful administration of ipilimumab to two kidney transplantation patients with metastatic melanoma. , 2014, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[249]  A. Hauschild,et al.  Ipilimumab in patients with cancer and the management of dermatologic adverse events. , 2014, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[250]  Y. Kong,et al.  Opportunistic Autoimmune Disorders Potentiated by Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 , 2014, Front. Immunol..

[251]  A. López-Guillermo,et al.  Adult haemophagocytic syndrome , 2014, The Lancet.

[252]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Pituitary Expression of CTLA-4 Mediates Hypophysitis Secondary to Administration of CTLA-4 Blocking Antibody , 2014, Science Translational Medicine.

[253]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Endocrine-related adverse events following ipilimumab in patients with advanced melanoma: a comprehensive retrospective review from a single institution. , 2014, Endocrine-related cancer.

[254]  Avash Kalra,et al.  Early Administration of Infliximab for Severe Ipilimumab-Related Diarrhea in a Critically Ill Patient , 2014, The Annals of pharmacotherapy.

[255]  D. Teachey,et al.  Managing Cytokine Release Syndrome Associated With Novel T Cell-Engaging Therapies , 2014, Cancer journal.

[256]  Qing He,et al.  Efficacy and Toxicity Management of 19-28z CAR T Cell Therapy in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia , 2014, Science Translational Medicine.

[257]  R. Vonderheide,et al.  Mitigating the toxic effects of anticancer immunotherapy , 2014, Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.

[258]  Annie Heng,et al.  Real-world impact of education: treating patients with ipilimumab in a community practice setting , 2013, Cancer management and research.

[259]  C. Lebbé,et al.  Ipilimumab-induced acute severe colitis treated by infliximab. , 2013, Melanoma research.

[260]  C. V. van Nieuwkerk,et al.  Auto immune hepatitis. , 2016, World journal of gastroenterology.

[261]  K. Hermayer,et al.  Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia , 2013, The American journal of the medical sciences.

[262]  Lieping Chen,et al.  Molecular mechanisms of T cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition , 2013, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[263]  Michel Sadelain,et al.  The basic principles of chimeric antigen receptor design. , 2013, Cancer discovery.

[264]  F. Nimmerjahn,et al.  Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy: how does IgG modulate the immune system? , 2013, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[265]  C. Berking,et al.  The Price of Tumor Control: An Analysis of Rare Side Effects of Anti-CTLA-4 Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma from the Ipilimumab Network , 2013, PloS one.

[266]  A. Webster,et al.  Treatment for lupus nephritis. , 2012, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[267]  Delong Liu,et al.  CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy , 2012, Experimental Hematology & Oncology.

[268]  C. Oddis,et al.  Therapeutic advances in myositis , 2012, Current opinion in rheumatology.

[269]  J. Crowley,et al.  Serum B‐cell maturation antigen is elevated in multiple myeloma and correlates with disease status and survival , 2012, British journal of haematology.

[270]  A. Hauschild,et al.  Management of immune-related adverse events and kinetics of response with ipilimumab. , 2012, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[271]  David C. Smith,et al.  Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer. , 2012, The New England journal of medicine.

[272]  A. Filipovich,et al.  How I treat hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. , 2011, Blood.

[273]  D. Mimouni,et al.  Mycophenolate mofetil for the management of autoimmune bullous diseases. , 2011, Dermatologic clinics.

[274]  Y. Li,et al.  Mycophenolic Acid Differentially Impacts B Cell Function Depending on the Stage of Differentiation , 2011, The Journal of Immunology.

[275]  C. Elson,et al.  Th17 Cells Induce Colitis and Promote Th1 Cell Responses through IL-17 Induction of Innate IL-12 and IL-23 Production , 2011, The Journal of Immunology.

[276]  H. Hartung,et al.  Managing the risks of immunosuppression. , 2011, Current opinion in neurology.

[277]  J. Wolchok,et al.  Evaluation of serum IL-17 levels during ipilimumab therapy: Correlation with colitis. , 2011, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[278]  G. Castellano-Tortajada,et al.  Reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection after cytotoxic chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy. , 2011, World journal of gastroenterology.

[279]  R. Kefford,et al.  Resolution of severe ipilimumab-induced hepatitis after antithymocyte globulin therapy. , 2011, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[280]  M. Maio,et al.  The emerging toxicity profiles of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies across clinical indications. , 2010, Seminars in oncology.

[281]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. , 2010, The New England journal of medicine.

[282]  M. Carroll,et al.  Use of tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients: a literature review and potential mechanisms of action , 2010, Clinical Rheumatology.

[283]  Petros P Sfikakis,et al.  The first decade of biologic TNF antagonists in clinical practice: lessons learned, unresolved issues and future directions. , 2010, Current directions in autoimmunity.

[284]  D. Schadendorf,et al.  Ipilimumab monotherapy in patients with pretreated advanced melanoma: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 2, dose-ranging study. , 2010, The Lancet. Oncology.

[285]  T. Tedder CD19: a promising B cell target for rheumatoid arthritis , 2009, Nature Reviews Rheumatology.

[286]  J. Clore,et al.  Glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia. , 2009, Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.

[287]  T. Chatila,et al.  Immunoglobulin replacement therapy in children. , 2008, Immunology and allergy clinics of North America.

[288]  S. Kaveri,et al.  Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases , 2007, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[289]  H. Gürcan,et al.  Efficacy of Various Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy Protocols in Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Disorders , 2007, The Annals of pharmacotherapy.

[290]  M. Aricò,et al.  HLH‐2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis , 2007, Pediatric blood & cancer.

[291]  Jeffrey R Curtis,et al.  Population-based assessment of adverse events associated with long-term glucocorticoid use. , 2006, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[292]  S. Rosenberg,et al.  Skin reactions in a subset of patients with stage IV melanoma treated with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 monoclonal antibody as a single agent. , 2006, Archives of dermatology.

[293]  A. Allison,et al.  Mechanisms of action of mycophenolate mofetil in preventing acute and chronic allograft rejection. , 2005, Transplantation.

[294]  W. Sewell,et al.  Clinical uses of intravenous immunoglobulin , 2005, Clinical and experimental immunology.

[295]  P. O'kelly,et al.  Acute interstitial nephritis: clinical features and response to corticosteroid therapy. , 2004, Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association.

[296]  B. Harder,et al.  Expression of BCMA, TACI, and BAFF-R in multiple myeloma: a mechanism for growth and survival. , 2004, Blood.

[297]  R. Bram,et al.  BCMA Is Essential for the Survival of Long-lived Bone Marrow Plasma Cells , 2004, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[298]  S. Kaveri,et al.  Mechanisms of action of intravenous immunoglobulin in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. , 2003, Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology.

[299]  A. Reimold,et al.  TNFalpha as therapeutic target: new drugs, more applications. , 2002, Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy.

[300]  U. Jaeger,et al.  The immunophenotype of 325 adult acute leukemias: relationship to morphologic and molecular classification and proposal for a minimal screening program highly predictive for lineage discrimination. , 2002, American journal of clinical pathology.

[301]  Joseph Keane,et al.  Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor alpha-neutralizing agent , 2001 .

[302]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Baff Binds to the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor–Like Molecule B Cell Maturation Antigen and Is Important for Maintaining the Peripheral B Cell Population , 2000, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[303]  D. Orlinsky,et al.  Mycophenolate mofetil in autoimmune and inflammatory skin disorders. , 1999, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[304]  R. Berger,et al.  The characterization of murine BCMA gene defines it as a new member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. , 1998, International immunology.

[305]  R. Scheuermann,et al.  CD19 antigen in leukemia and lymphoma diagnosis and immunotherapy. , 1995, Leukemia & lymphoma.

[306]  R. Berger,et al.  The BCMA gene, preferentially expressed during B lymphoid maturation, is bidirectionally transcribed. , 1994, Nucleic acids research.

[307]  V. Diehl,et al.  Immunophenotyping of low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma in blood and bone marrow: poor correlation between immunophenotype and cytological/histological classification , 1993, British journal of haematology.

[308]  A. Saven,et al.  Diagnostic application of two-color flow cytometry in 161 cases of hairy cell leukemia. , 1993, Blood.

[309]  R Berger,et al.  A new gene, BCM, on chromosome 16 is fused to the interleukin 2 gene by a t(4;16)(q26;p13) translocation in a malignant T cell lymphoma. , 1992, The EMBO journal.

[310]  Z. Eshhar,et al.  Expression of immunoglobulin-T-cell receptor chimeric molecules as functional receptors with antibody-type specificity. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[311]  T. Tedder,et al.  Isolation of cDNAs encoding the CD19 antigen of human and mouse B lymphocytes. A new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. , 1989, Journal of immunology.

[312]  I. Stamenkovic,et al.  CD19, the earliest differentiation antigen of the B cell lineage, bears three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and an Epstein-Barr virus-related cytoplasmic tail , 1988, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[313]  A. Fauci,et al.  Detailed studies on expression and function of CD19 surface determinant by using B43 monoclonal antibody and the clinical potential of anti-CD19 immunotoxins. , 1988, Blood.

[314]  G. Pinkus,et al.  Expression of human B cell-associated antigens on leukemias and lymphomas: a model of human B cell differentiation. , 1984, Blood.

[315]  G. Marti,et al.  B4, a human B lymphocyte-associated antigen expressed on normal, mitogen-activated, and malignant B lymphocytes. , 1983, Journal of immunology.