Diversity of coding strategies in influenza viruses

Abstract Influenza viruses have exploited a variety of strategies to increase their genome coding capacities. These include unspliced, spliced, alternatively spliced and bicistronic mRNAs, translation from overlapping reading frames and a coupled stop-start translation of tandem cistrons.

[1]  R. Lamb,et al.  Eukaryotic coupled translation of tandem cistrons: identification of the influenza B virus BM2 polypeptide. , 1990, The EMBO journal.

[2]  R. Cattaneo How ‘hidden’ reading frames are expressed , 1989, Trends in Biochemical Sciences.

[3]  M. Yamashita,et al.  Comparison of the three large polymerase proteins of influenza A, B, and C viruses. , 1989, Virology.

[4]  J. Parvin,et al.  Promoter analysis of influenza virus RNA polymerase , 1989, Journal of virology.

[5]  R. Lamb,et al.  Influenza B virus genome: sequences and structural organization of RNA segment 8 and the mRNAs coding for the NS1 and NS2 proteins , 1982, Journal of virology.

[6]  H. Varmus,et al.  Signals for ribosomal frameshifting in the rous sarcoma virus gag-pol region , 1988, Cell.

[7]  S. Inglis,et al.  Regulated production of an influenza virus spliced mRNA mediated by virus‐specific products. , 1985, The EMBO journal.

[8]  R. Krug,et al.  A block in mammalian splicing occurring after formation of large complexes containing U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins , 1989, Molecular and cellular biology.

[9]  R. Lamb,et al.  Influenza virus M2 protein is an integral membrane protein expressed on the infected-cell surface , 1985, Cell.

[10]  R. Lamb,et al.  RNA editing by G-nucleotide insertion in mumps virus P-gene mRNA transcripts , 1990, Journal of virology.

[11]  R. Krug,et al.  Regulation of the extent of splicing of influenza virus NS1 mRNA: role of the rates of splicing and of the nucleocytoplasmic transport of NS1 mRNA , 1991, Molecular and cellular biology.

[12]  R. Lamb,et al.  Segment 8 of the influenza virus genome is unique in coding for two polypeptides. , 1979, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[13]  R. Lamb,et al.  Determination of the orientation of an integral membrane protein and sites of glycosylation by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis: influenza B virus NB glycoprotein lacks a cleavable signal sequence and has an extracellular NH2-terminal region , 1986, Molecular and cellular biology.

[14]  R. Lamb,et al.  Effect of mutations and deletions in a bicistronic mRNA on the synthesis of influenza B virus NB and NA glycoproteins , 1989, Journal of virology.

[15]  B. Cullen,et al.  Functions of the auxiliary gene products of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. , 1990, Virology.

[16]  R. Lamb,et al.  Expression of unspliced NS1 mRNA, spliced NS2 mRNA, and a spliced chimera mRNA from cloned influenza virus NS DNA in an SV40 vector. , 1984, Virology.

[17]  Sheila M. Thomas,et al.  Two mRNAs that differ by two nontemplated nucleotides encode the amino coterminal proteins P and V of the paramyxovirus SV5 , 1988, Cell.

[18]  Chris M. Brown,et al.  Spliced and unspliced RNAs encoded by virion RNA segment 7 of influenza virus. , 1981, Nucleic acids research.

[19]  C. Yanofsky,et al.  A ribosome binding site sequence is necessary for efficient expression of the distal gene of a translationally-coupled gene pair. , 1984, Nucleic acids research.

[20]  P. Palese,et al.  The influenza C virus NS gene: evidence for a spliced mRNA and a second NS gene product (NS2 protein). , 1986, Virus research.

[21]  R. Lamb,et al.  Spliced and unspliced messenger RNAs synthesized from cloned influenza virus M DNA in an SV40 vector: expression of the influenza virus membrane protein (M1). , 1982, Virology.

[22]  R. Jackson,et al.  The novel mechanism of initiation of picornavirus RNA translation. , 1990, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[23]  M. Kozak,et al.  A profusion of controls , 1988, The Journal of cell biology.

[24]  P. Palese,et al.  Evidence that the matrix protein of influenza C virus is coded for by a spliced mRNA , 1988 .

[25]  S. Fields,et al.  The use of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide primers in cloning and sequencing segment of 8 influenza virus (A/PR/8/34). , 1981, Nucleic acids research.

[26]  I. Brierley,et al.  Characterization of an efficient coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal: Requirement for an RNA pseudoknot , 1989, Cell.

[27]  R. Lamb,et al.  Sequence of interrupted and uninterrupted mRNAs and cloned DNA coding for the two overlapping nonstructural proteins of influenza virus , 1980, Cell.