A 37-GHz-Input Divide-by-36 Injection-Locked Frequency Divider with 1.6-GHz Lock Range

This paper presents a divide-by-36 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD). It locks onto a 37-GHz input over a locking range of about 1.6 GHz (4.3%) and outputs a frequency of approximately 1GHz, which is sufficiently low for further division by a programmable divider. The high division ratio is realized by time-gating the superharmonic input signal and injecting it into a 9-stage ring VCO at 9 feeding points. Nine gating signals are generated by the ring VCO itself by logic operation such that the input signal is injected only during the correct time slice for each of the feeding points. The ILFD was fabricated using a 55-nm deeply depleted channel (DDC) CMOS process, occupies an area of 0.020 mm2, and consumes a power of 9.1 mW.

[1]  Liang-Hung Lu,et al.  Analysis and Design of Wideband Injection-Locked Ring Oscillators With Multiple-Input Injection , 2007, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[2]  K. Masu,et al.  An inductorless injection-locked PLL with 1/2- and 1/4-integral subharmonic locking in 90 nm CMOS , 2012, 2012 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium.

[3]  Noboru Ishihara,et al.  A Ring-VCO-Based Injection-Locked Frequency Multiplier with Novel Pulse Generation Technique in 65 nm CMOS , 2012, IEICE Trans. Electron..

[4]  M. Fujishima,et al.  4.8GHz CMOS frequency multiplier with subharmonic pulse-injection locking , 2007, 2007 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[5]  M. Fujishima,et al.  An 80–106 GHz CMOS amplifier with 0.5V supply voltage , 2017, 2017 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC).

[6]  Hong-Yeh Chang,et al.  A $V$ -band 90-nm CMOS Divide-by-10 Injection-Locked Frequency Divider Using Current-Reused Topology , 2018, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[7]  Dong-Wook Kim,et al.  A CMOS Direct Injection-Locked Frequency Divider With High Division Ratios , 2009, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[8]  Sebastian Hoyos,et al.  A 1.8V, sub-mW, over 100% locking range, divide-by-3 and 7 complementary-injection-locked 4 GHz frequency divider , 2009, 2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[9]  K. Fujita,et al.  Advanced channel engineering achieving aggressive reduction of VT variation for ultra-low-power applications , 2011, 2011 International Electron Devices Meeting.

[10]  A.A. Abidi,et al.  Multi-Phase Injection Widens Lock Range of Ring-Oscillator-Based Frequency Dividers , 2008, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[11]  Adrian Tang,et al.  A 0.56 THz Phase-Locked Frequency Synthesizer in 65 nm CMOS Technology , 2016, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[12]  José Silva-Martínez,et al.  A Fully Differential Low-Power Divide-by-8 Injection-Locked Frequency Divider Up to 18 GHz , 2007, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[13]  A. Matsuzawa,et al.  Progressive Mixing Technique to Widen the Locking Range of High Division-Ratio Injection-Locked Frequency Dividers , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[14]  Kenichi Okada,et al.  A Compact and Low-Power Fractionally Injection-Locked Quadrature Frequency Synthesizer Using a Self-Synchronized Gating Injection Technique for Software-Defined Radios , 2014, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.