Seven‐tesla phase imaging of acute multiple sclerosis lesions: A new window into the inflammatory process

In multiple sclerosis (MS), accurate, in vivo characterization of dynamic inflammatory pathological changes occurring in newly forming lesions could have major implications for understanding disease pathogenesis and mechanisms of tissue destruction. Here, we investigated the potential of ultrahigh‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; 7T), particularly phase imaging combined with dynamic contrast enhancement, to provide new insights in acute MS lesions.

[1]  C. Lucchinetti,et al.  Meningeal and cortical grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis , 2012, BMC Neurology.

[2]  D. Yablonskiy,et al.  Biophysical mechanisms of phase contrast in gradient echo MRI , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[3]  D. Yablonskiy,et al.  Quantitation of intrinsic magnetic susceptibility‐related effects in a tissue matrix. Phantom study , 1998, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[4]  Jeff H. Duyn,et al.  In vivo quantification of T2 ⁎ anisotropy in white matter fibers in marmoset monkeys , 2012, NeuroImage.

[5]  Bejoy Thomas,et al.  Principles, techniques, and applications of T2*-based MR imaging and its special applications. , 2009, Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc.

[6]  M. Barnett,et al.  Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: Pathology of the newly forming lesion , 2004, Annals of neurology.

[7]  Hellmut Merkle,et al.  Chronic multiple sclerosis lesions: characterization with high-field-strength MR imaging. , 2012, Radiology.

[8]  J. Taubenberger,et al.  Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging findings and lesion development in chronic, active multiple sclerosis , 1993, Annals of neurology.

[9]  P. Villoslada,et al.  T2 hypointense rims and ring-enhancing lesions in MS , 2010, Multiple sclerosis.

[10]  Satoshi Takahashi,et al.  Detection of active plaques in multiple sclerosis using susceptibility-weighted imaging: comparison with gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. , 2011, Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

[11]  J. Parisi,et al.  Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: Implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination , 2000, Annals of neurology.

[12]  Robert Zivadinov,et al.  Iron deposition in multiple sclerosis lesions measured by susceptibility‐weighted imaging filtered phase: A case control study , 2012, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[13]  J. Parratt,et al.  Multiple sclerosis: Distribution of inflammatory cells in newly forming lesions , 2009, Annals of neurology.

[14]  P. Lai,et al.  Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Patients with Pyogenic Brain Abscesses at 1.5T: Characteristics of the Abscess Capsule , 2012, American Journal of Neuroradiology.

[15]  B. Scheithauer,et al.  Inflammatory cortical demyelination in early multiple sclerosis. , 2011, The New England journal of medicine.

[16]  Wei Hu,et al.  The pathological spectrum of CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases , 2009, Seminars in Immunopathology.

[17]  Bing Wu,et al.  High-field (9.4T) MRI of brain dysmyelination by quantitative mapping of magnetic susceptibility , 2011, NeuroImage.

[18]  Dmitriy A Yablonskiy,et al.  Biophysical mechanisms of MRI signal frequency contrast in multiple sclerosis , 2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[19]  Daniel S Reich,et al.  Evolution of the blood–brain barrier in newly forming multiple sclerosis lesions , 2011, Annals of neurology.

[20]  Duan Xu,et al.  A serial in vivo 7T magnetic resonance phase imaging study of white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis , 2013, Multiple sclerosis.

[21]  David Pitt,et al.  Iron Is a Sensitive Biomarker for Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions , 2013, PloS one.

[22]  David Pitt,et al.  Imaging cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis with ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging. , 2010, Archives of neurology.

[23]  D. Reich,et al.  Initial investigation of the blood-brain barrier in MS lesions at 7 tesla , 2013, Multiple sclerosis.

[24]  H. Lassmann,et al.  Oxidative damage in multiple sclerosis lesions , 2011, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[25]  W. Brück,et al.  Clinical and radiographic spectrum of pathologically confirmed tumefactive multiple sclerosis , 2008, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[26]  S. Ng,et al.  Differentiation of Pyogenic Brain Abscesses from Necrotic Glioblastomas with Use of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging , 2012, American Journal of Neuroradiology.

[27]  L. Zimmerman,et al.  Pathology of the demyelinating diseases. , 1956, Transactions - American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology.

[28]  J. Parisi,et al.  A case of multiple sclerosis presenting with inflammatory cortical demyelination , 2011, Neurology.

[29]  S. Nelson,et al.  Quantitative in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of multiple sclerosis at 7 Tesla with sensitivity to iron , 2008, Annals of neurology.

[30]  Hellmut Merkle,et al.  Tracking iron in multiple sclerosis: a combined imaging and histopathological study at 7 Tesla. , 2011, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[31]  Bing Wu,et al.  Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy of human brain in vivo and its molecular underpinnings , 2012, NeuroImage.

[32]  J. Parratt,et al.  Oligodendrocytes and the early multiple sclerosis lesion , 2012, Annals of neurology.

[33]  J. Kurtzke Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis , 1983, Neurology.