MAIN PRECONDITIONS AND CONSTRAINTS WHEN DEVELOPING UNDERGROUND SPACE OF THE PERM CITY

The development of cities, which Perm refers, is impossible without an integrated development of underground space. The article analyses existing problems of development of the city of Perm related primarily to the increase in the number of car owners and a deficiency of free territories for building in the existing urban development. There are the ways of solving these problems through the development of underground space. Classification of underground structures is presented according to various criteria. There are the main factors, which negatively affects the overall amount of underground construction. Special attention is paid to the methods of execution of works during construction and reconstruction in cramped conditions when producing operations of a zero cycle. It is shown that construction of underground structures may be performed in difficult geotechnical conditions with proper choice of the production technology of works. There is the example of the geotechnical simulation of the excavation and construction of buried 2–3-storey building erected in the historic part of the city of Perm in immediate proximity to existing buildings. The calculations were performed using program complex PLAXIS 2D v.9.0 in the planar problem statement using the model of hardening soil (hardening soil model). The promising directions in the development of underground space are given for the city of Perm, in particular, the construction of multilevel underground parking spaces with a depth of 10 m. There are the main factors of the increased cost of underground construction associated with work producrion and further exploitation of underground structures. The positive aspects and the method of calculation of economic efficiency of underground construction are given.