Verifying and Synthesising Multi-Agent Systems against One-Goal Strategy Logic Specifications

Strategy Logic (SL) has recently come to the fore as a useful specification language to reason about multi-agent systems. Its one-goal fragment, or SL[1G], is of particular interest as it strictly subsumes widely used logics such as ATL*, while maintaining attractive complexity features. In this paper we put forward an automata-based methodology for verifying and synthesising multi-agent systems against specifications given in SL[1G]. We show that the algorithm is sound and optimal from a computational point of view. A key feature of the approach is that all data structures and operations on them can be performed on BDDs. We report on a BDD-based model checker implementing the algorithm and evaluate its performance on the fair process scheduler synthesis.

[1]  Cermak Petr,et al.  MCMAS-SL[1G]: A model checker for the verification of one-goal strategy logic specifications , 2015 .

[2]  Marcin Jurdzinski,et al.  Small Progress Measures for Solving Parity Games , 2000, STACS.

[3]  Xiaowei Huang,et al.  Symbolic Model Checking Epistemic Strategy Logic , 2014, AAAI.

[4]  Klaus Schneider Verification of Reactive Systems , 2004, Texts in Theoretical Computer Science.

[5]  Wieslaw Zielonka,et al.  Infinite Games on Finitely Coloured Graphs with Applications to Automata on Infinite Trees , 1998, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[6]  Alessio R. Lomuscio,et al.  A Model Checker for Strategy Logic , 2014 .

[7]  Alessio Lomuscio,et al.  MCMAS-SLK: A Model Checker for the Verification of Strategy Logic Specifications , 2014, CAV.

[8]  Fabio Mogavero Reasoning About Strategies , 2013, FSTTCS 2013.

[9]  S. Safra,et al.  On the complexity of omega -automata , 1988, [Proceedings 1988] 29th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science.

[10]  Ronald Fagin,et al.  Reasoning about knowledge , 1995 .

[11]  Nicolas Markey,et al.  On the Expressiveness and Complexity of ATL , 2007, FoSSaCS.

[12]  Krishnendu Chatterjee,et al.  Strategy logic , 2007, Inf. Comput..

[13]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  Alternating-time temporal logic , 1999 .

[14]  Klaus Schneider,et al.  Verification of Reactive Systems: Formal Methods and Algorithms , 2003 .

[15]  Ron van der Meyden,et al.  Model Checking Knowledge and Time in Systems with Perfect Recall (Extended Abstract) , 1999, FSTTCS.

[16]  Wojciech Penczek,et al.  VerICS 2007 - a Model Checker for Knowledge and Real-Time , 2008, Fundam. Informaticae.

[17]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  jMocha: a model checking tool that exploits design structure , 2001, Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Software Engineering. ICSE 2001.

[18]  Ron van der Meyden,et al.  MCK: Model Checking the Logic of Knowledge , 2004, CAV.

[19]  Wojciech Jamroga,et al.  Comparing variants of strategic ability: how uncertainty and memory influence general properties of games , 2014, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[20]  Alessio Lomuscio,et al.  MCMAS: A Model Checker for the Verification of Multi-Agent Systems , 2009, CAV.

[21]  Ferucio Laurentiu Tiplea,et al.  Model-checking ATL under Imperfect Information and Perfect Recall Semantics is Undecidable , 2011, ArXiv.

[22]  Klaus Schneider,et al.  From LTL to Symbolically Represented Deterministic Automata , 2008, VMCAI.

[23]  Aniello Murano,et al.  On the Boundary of Behavioral Strategies , 2013, 2013 28th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science.

[24]  Wojciech Penczek,et al.  Fully Symbolic Unbounded Model Checking for Alternating-time Temporal Logic1 , 2005, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[25]  Krishnendu Chatterjee,et al.  Generalized Parity Games , 2007, FoSSaCS.

[26]  Alessio Lomuscio,et al.  A Cutoff Technique for the Verification of Parameterised Interpreted Systems with Parameterised Environments , 2013, IJCAI.

[27]  Wojciech Penczek,et al.  BDD-versus SAT-based bounded model checking for the existential fragment of linear temporal logic with knowledge: algorithms and their performance , 2013, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[28]  Alessio Lomuscio,et al.  Model checking knowledge, strategies, and games in multi-agent systems , 2006, AAMAS '06.

[29]  Aniello Murano,et al.  Reasoning About Strategies: On the Model-Checking Problem , 2011, ArXiv.