Covering a square of side n+epsilon with unit squares
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In [Covering a triangle with triangles, Amer. Math. Monthly 112 (1) (2005) 78; Cover-up, Geombinatorics XIV (1) (2004) 8-9], Conway and I showed that in order to cover an equilateral triangle of side length n + e, n2 + 2 unit equilateral triangles suffice while obviously n2 + 1 are wanted. (The latest "triangular" results can be found in [D. Karabash, A. Soifer, On covering of trigons, Geombinatorics XV (1) (2005) 13-17].) Here I pose an analogous problem for squares and show that in order to cover a square of side length n + e, n2 + o(1)n + O(1) unit squares suffice. This problem is dual to the one solved by Erdos and Graham 30 years ago [On packing squares with equal squares, J. Combin. Theory (A) 19 (1975) 119-123], which dealt with packing unit squares in a square. And as in Erdos-Graham, in our problem a natural upper bound of (n + 1)2 provided by a square lattice can be much improved.
[1] Paul Erdös,et al. On Packing Squares with Equal Squares , 1975, J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A.