The Drosophila funebris Species Group in North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

ABSTRACT Although the global human commensal Drosophila funebris (Fabricius) is well known and is the type species of the genus Drosophila Fallén, the four native North American species of the funebris group have been poorly defined morphologically. D. macrospina limpiensis Patterson and Wheeler is newly recognized as a species distinct from D. macrospina, with diagnostic morphological characters provided. The subspecies D. macrospina ohioensis Stalker is synonymized under D. macrospina. Species native to the Palearctic and to the Nearctic are morphologically distinct, each probably a monophyletic group. Detailed descriptions and redescriptions are provided for both sexes of D. macrospina Stalker and Spencer, D. limpiensis Patterson and Wheeler, D. subfunebris Stalker and Spencer, and D. trispina Wheeler, the latter two being very rare species from southern California. Neotypes are designated for D. macrospina and D. subfunebris. A key to the five Nearctic species of the funebris group is provided.

[1]  M. Ritchie,et al.  DrosoPhyla: Resources for Drosophilid Phylogeny and Systematics , 2021, Genome biology and evolution.

[2]  J. Jaenike,et al.  The Encyclopedia of North American Drosophilids Volume 1: Drosophilids of the Midwest and Northeast , 2018 .

[3]  M. Toda,et al.  Phylogeography of the Subgenus Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Evolutionary History of Faunal Divergence between the Old and the New Worlds , 2016, PloS one.

[4]  C. Russo,et al.  Phylogenetic analysis and a time tree for a large drosophilid data set (Diptera: Drosophilidae) , 2013 .

[5]  J. Vieira,et al.  Phylogenetic Patterns of Geographical and Ecological Diversification in the Subgenus Drosophila , 2012, PloS one.

[6]  V. Valente,et al.  Radiation of the ,,Drosophila“ subgenus (Drosophilidae, Diptera) in the Neotropics , 2010 .

[7]  V. Valente,et al.  Molecular phylogeny of the subgenus Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) with an emphasis on Neotropical species and groups: a nuclear versus mitochondrial gene approach. , 2005, Molecular phylogenetics and evolution.

[8]  S. Escher,et al.  The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark , 2005 .

[9]  J. David,et al.  Drosophilids from Dagestan (Russia) with description of a new species (Diptera). , 1994 .

[10]  A. Ewing.  Complex courtship songs in the Drosophila funebris species group: Escape from an evolutionary bottleneck , 1979, Animal Behaviour.

[11]  L. H. Throckmorton.  The Phylogeny, Ecology, and Geography of Drosophila , 1975 .

[12]  岡田 豊日.  Systematic study of the early stages of drosophilidae , 1968 .

[13]  岡田 豊日.  Systematic study of drosophilidae and allied families of Japan , 1956 .

[14]  D. Poulson,et al.  Evolution in the Genus Drosophila , 1954, The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine.

[15]  A. Sturtevant,et al.  I. The classification of the genus Drosophila, with descriptions of nine new species , 1942 .

[16]  J. Patterson.  Studies in the genetics of Drosophila , 1940 .

[17]  W. P. Spencer.  Levels of Divergence in Drosophila Speciation , 1940, The American Naturalist.

[18]  H. Stalker,et al.  Four New Species of Drosophila, with Notes on the Funebris Group , 1939 .

[19]  H. T. Spieth,et al.  MATING BEHAVIOR WITHIN THE GENUS DROSOPHILA ( DIPTERA ) , 2022 .