Relativity and radars
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Abstract : This Report discusses the special relativistic and general relativistic effects on electromagnetic propagation for artificial satellite applications. In particular the rigorous special relativistic Doppler shift between the received and transmitted frequencies is derived. The two radars need not be colocated and are assumed not to be in the same inertial reference frame. Numerical estimates of various approximations, second order series approximations, and lowest order post-Newtonian general relativistic terms are all performed. This work was spurred by the observational determination of the (v squared over c squared) term in Millstone Hill Radar observations of LAGEOS.