Easy‐to‐use preload stress echocardiography by using combined dynamic postural stress can identify high‐risk patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Haemodynamic assessment during stress testing is not commonly performed in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) because of its invasiveness, lower feasibility, and safety concerns. This study aimed to assess the haemodynamic characteristics of patients with HFrEF in response to non‐invasive preload stress during dynamic postural alterations achieved by combining both semi‐sitting position and passive leg‐lifting and to evaluate whether combined postural stress could be used for risk stratification in these patients.

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