Rapid increase in gonorrhoea and syphilis diagnoses in England in 2011.

There has been a rapid rise in the number of gonorrhoea and syphilis diagnoses in England during 2011, an increase of 25% and 10% respectively. Large increases of both gonorrhoea (61%) and syphilis (28%) were observed among men who have sex with men. Although these rises can partly be attributed to increased testing, ongoing high-levels of unsafe sexual behaviour probably contributed to the rise. The rise in gonorrhoea rates is worrying in an era of decreased susceptibility to treatments.

[1]  A Stary,et al.  First Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain with resistance to cefixime causing gonorrhoea treatment failure in Austria, 2011. , 2011, Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin.

[2]  G. Hughes,et al.  P1-S5.46 Assessing the relationship between sexually transmitted infection rates, ethnic group and socio-economic deprivation in England , 2011, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

[3]  K. Sankar,et al.  Gonorrhoea treatment failures to cefixime and azithromycin in England, 2010. , 2011, Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin.

[4]  M. Unemo,et al.  Ceftriaxone treatment failure of pharyngeal gonorrhoea verified by international recommendations, Sweden, July 2010. , 2011, Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin.

[5]  M. Unemo,et al.  Two cases of verified clinical failures using internationally recommended first-line cefixime for gonorrhoea treatment, Norway, 2010. , 2010, Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin.

[6]  W. Mcfarland,et al.  Seroadaptive behaviours among men who have sex with men in San Francisco: the situation in 2008 , 2010, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

[7]  H. Dean,et al.  Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Tuberculosis , 2010, Public health reports.

[8]  D. Fleming,et al.  From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. , 1999, Sexually transmitted infections.