New Renewable Electricity Capacity under Uncertainty: The Potential in Norway

Uncertainty affecting project values makes investors hesitate to build new capacity unless profitability is significant. When analysing the potential for new renewable capacity in a region, it is therefore necessary to properly capture both uncertainty effects and decision-making behaviour of investors. Important stochastic factors typically include wholesale electricity prices and certificate prices. We calculate trigger levels for the sum of these factors, and compare these with the current long-term contract prices to estimate the potential for new renewable electricity capacity. We take into account the cost and technical potential of small hydro and wind in Norway, the number of prenotifications, concession applications and grants, and the capacity targets of subsidising governmental bodies. With an electricity certificate policy target of 41 TWh per year new renewable for Sweden and Norway combined until 2016, we estimate that 12 TWh windpower and 6.2 TWh hydropower will be built in Norway. Due to the option value of waiting, most of this capacity will come after 2010

[1]  H. Laurikka,et al.  Emissions trading and investment decisions in the power sector—a case study in Finland , 2006 .

[2]  Stine Grenaa Jensen,et al.  Interactions between the power and green certificate markets , 2002 .

[3]  Jussi Keppo,et al.  Real options and a large producer: the case of electricity markets , 2003 .

[4]  Magnus Korpås,et al.  A stochastic dynamic model for optimal timing of investments in new generation capacity in restructured power systems , 2007 .

[5]  Luis M. Abadie,et al.  Valuing flexibility: The case of an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle power plant , 2008 .

[6]  Frode Kjærland,et al.  A real option analysis of investments in hydropower--The case of Norway , 2007 .

[7]  Gonzalo Cortazar,et al.  Implementing a stochastic model for oil futures prices , 2003 .

[8]  Chris Marnay,et al.  Distributed Energy Resources Market Diffusion Model , 2006 .

[9]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Electricity Prices and Power Derivatives: Evidence from the Nordic Power Exchange , 2000 .

[10]  S. Fuss,et al.  Investment under market and climate policy uncertainty , 2008 .

[11]  E. Prescott,et al.  Investment Under Uncertainty , 1971 .

[12]  R. McDonald,et al.  The Value of Waiting to Invest , 1982 .

[13]  J. Sousa,et al.  Power plant multistage investment under market uncertainty , 2008 .

[14]  Chris Marnay,et al.  Distributed Generation Investment by a Microgrid under Uncertainty , 2006 .

[15]  Stein-Erik Fleten,et al.  Investment timing and optimal capacity choice for small hydropower projects , 2008, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[16]  Blake Johnson,et al.  Exotic electricity options and the valuation of electricity generation and transmission assets , 2001, Decis. Support Syst..

[17]  Stein-Erik Fleten,et al.  Flexibility and Technology Choice in Gas Fired Power Plant Investments , 2004 .