Industrial ecosystem : using the material and energy flow model of an ecosystem in an industrial system

Jouni Korhonen Industrial Ecosystem Using the material and energy flow model of an ecosystem in an industrial system. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2000, 131 p. (Jyväskylä Studies in Business and Economics, ISSN 1457-1986; 5) ISBN 951-39-0826-7 Tiivistelmä Diss. Industrial Ecology (IE) is a concept for understanding and management of the interaction between industrial systems and natural ecosystems. The concept arises from the metaphor of the material and energy flow model of an ecosys tem, in which organisms use each other’s waste material and waste energy flows through cooperation. The only external input to the system as a whole is the (infinite) solar energy. In an industrial ecosystern, the environmental burden of the system as a whole is reduced. Analogously to recycling of matter and cascading of energy typical for a mature ecosystem, this industrial system would develop material cycles and employ energy cascades through coopera tion between the companies in the system. When successful, an industrial eco system substitutes raw materiais and energy that industry takes from nature with wastes and hence reduces the virgin input of the system and the waste and emission output from the system. Economic gains arise in the reduction of raw material and energy costs and waste management costs. In this study, the basic industrial ecosystem principle is understood as roundput for describirig recy cling of matter and cascading of energy in an industrial system. The ecosystem material and energy flow model including the flows of matter, nutrients, energy and carbon is used for constructing an industrial ecosystem. Case studies on the material flows of the forest industry of Finland and on the Jyväskylä regional energy supply system in Finland are presented. The industrial ecology material and energy flow model of the study includes the four ecosystem principles of roundput, diversity, interdependency and locality.

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