Coupled-mode theory for stimulated Raman scattering in high-Q/Vm silicon photonic band gap nanocavity lasers

The coupled-mode equations are derived to describe the dynamics of coupling between the pump mode and Stokes mode for stimulated Raman scattering in designed high-Q/Vm silicon photonic band gap nanocavities. The interplay of other Χ(3) effects such as two-photon absorption and optical Kerr, related free-carrier dynamics, thermal effects, as well as linear losses such as cavity radiation and linear material absorption are also included. The numerical results demonstrate both the lasing thresholds and the pulsed Raman frequency conversion in monolithic silicon high-Q/Vm photonic band gap nanocavity lasers.

[1]  Bahram Jalali,et al.  Demonstration of directly modulated silicon Raman laser. , 2005, Optics express.

[2]  Ivo Rendina,et al.  Temperature dependence of the thermo-optic coefficient in crystalline silicon between room temperature and 550 K at the wavelength of 1523 nm , 1999 .

[3]  E. Palik.  Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids , 1997 .

[4]  Susumu Noda,et al.  Highly efficient multi-channel drop filter in a two-dimensional hetero photonic crystal. , 2006, Optics express.

[5]  Tobias J Kippenberg,et al.  Compact, fiber-compatible, cascaded Raman laser. , 2003, Optics letters.

[6]  Bahram Jalali,et al.  Demonstration of a silicon Raman laser. , 2004, Optics express.

[7]  Hon Ki Tsang,et al.  Efficient Raman amplification in silicon-on-insulator waveguides , 2004 .

[8]  M. Paniccia,et al.  Net optical gain in a low loss silicon-on-insulator waveguide by stimulated Raman scattering. , 2004, Optics express.

[9]  Masaya Notomi,et al.  Ultrahigh-Q photonic crystal nanocavities realized by the local width modulation of a line defect , 2006 .

[10]  Xiaodong Yang,et al.  Enhanced stimulated Raman scattering in slow-light photonic crystal waveguides , 2006, QELS 2006.

[11]  R.M. Osgood,et al.  Theory of Raman-mediated pulsed amplification in silicon-wire waveguides , 2006, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[12]  K. Vahala,et al.  Ultralow-threshold microcavity Raman laser on a microelectronic chip. , 2004, Optics letters.

[13]  Michal Lipson,et al.  Time-resolved study of Raman gain in highly confined silicon-on-insulator waveguides. , 2004, Optics express.

[14]  Stefan L. Schweizer,et al.  Influence of eigenmode characteristics on optical tuning of a two-dimensional silicon photonic crystal , 2005 .

[15]  T. Asano,et al.  Ultra-high-Q photonic double-heterostructure nanocavity , 2005 .

[16]  Alexander Fang,et al.  Net continuous wave optical gain in a low loss silicon-on-insulator waveguide by stimulated Raman scattering. , 2005, Optics express.

[17]  Soon-Hong Kwon,et al.  Electrically Driven Single-Cell Photonic Crystal Laser , 2004, Science.

[18]  Alexander Fang,et al.  An all-silicon Raman laser , 2005, Nature.

[19]  Luigi Zeni,et al.  Silicon electro-optic modulator based on a three terminal device integrated in a low-loss single-mode SOI waveguide , 1997 .

[20]  Oskar Painter,et al.  Momentum space design of high-Q photonic crystal optical cavities. , 2002, Optics express.

[21]  Oskar Painter,et al.  Nonlinear response of silicon photonic crystal microresonators excited via an integrated waveguide and fiber taper. , 2005, Optics express.

[22]  Susumu Noda,et al.  Investigation of optical nonlinearities in an ultra-high-Q Si nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab. , 2006, Optics express.

[23]  B Jalali,et al.  Coupled-mode theory of the Raman effect in silicon-on-insulator waveguides. , 2003, Optics letters.

[24]  K. Vahala,et al.  Ultralow-threshold Raman laser using a spherical dielectric microcavity , 2002, Nature.

[25]  P. Dobson.  Physics of Semiconductor Devices (2nd edn) , 1982 .

[26]  T. Asano,et al.  High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal , 2003, Nature.

[27]  Masaya Notomi,et al.  Optical bistable switching action of Si high-Q photonic-crystal nanocavities. , 2005, Optics express.

[28]  Xiang Zhang,et al.  Semiclassical model of stimulated Raman scattering in photonic crystals. , 2005, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[29]  Mihaela Dinu,et al.  Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths , 2003 .

[30]  Xiaodong Yang,et al.  Design of photonic band gap nanocavities for stimulated Raman amplification and lasing in monolithic silicon. , 2005, Optics express.

[31]  Susumu Noda,et al.  Analysis of the experimental Q factors (~ 1 million) of photonic crystal nanocavities. , 2006, Optics express.

[32]  Ernst Brinkmeyer,et al.  Analysis of Raman lasing characteristics in silicon-on-insulator waveguides. , 2004, Optics express.

[33]  Braunstein,et al.  Lowering of threshold conditions for nonlinear effects in a microsphere. , 1996, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[34]  B. Jalali,et al.  Observation of stimulated Raman amplification in silicon waveguides , 2003, The 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2003. LEOS 2003..

[35]  R. Soref,et al.  Electrooptical effects in silicon , 1987 .

[36]  Ilya Fushman,et al.  General recipe for designing photonic crystal cavities. , 2005, Optics express.

[37]  Ansheng Liu,et al.  Lossless optical modulation in a silicon waveguide using stimulated Raman scattering. , 2005, Optics express.

[38]  Oskar Painter,et al.  Self-induced optical modulation of the transmission through a high-Q silicon microdisk resonator. , 2006, Optics express.