Gas Sensors Based on Polymer Field-Effect Transistors

This review focuses on polymer field-effect transistor (PFET) based gas sensor with polymer as the sensing layer, which interacts with gas analyte and thus induces the change of source-drain current (ΔISD). Dependent on the sensing layer which can be semiconducting polymer, dielectric layer or conducting polymer gate, the PFET sensors can be subdivided into three types. For each type of sensor, we present the molecular structure of sensing polymer, the gas analyte and the sensing performance. Most importantly, we summarize various analyte–polymer interactions, which help to understand the sensing mechanism in the PFET sensors and can provide possible approaches for the sensor fabrication in the future.

[1]  Sheng Lei,et al.  A Single Polyaniline Nanofiber Field Effect Transistor and Its Gas Sensing Mechanisms , 2011, Sensors.

[2]  Daoben Zhu,et al.  Semiconducting π-conjugated systems in field-effect transistors: a material odyssey of organic electronics. , 2012, Chemical reviews.

[3]  E. List,et al.  Organic field-effect transistor based sensors with sensitive gate dielectrics used for low-concentration ammonia detection , 2013 .

[4]  Klaus Müllen,et al.  Improving polymer transistor performance via morphology control. , 2010, Chemical Society reviews.

[5]  Liang Wang,et al.  Dual-transduction-mode sensing approach for chemical detection , 2012 .

[6]  Kalpana Besar,et al.  Printable Ammonia Sensor Based on Organic Field Effect Transistor , 2014 .

[7]  W. Kutner,et al.  Functionalized polythiophenes: Recognition materials for chemosensors and biosensors of superior sensitivity, selectivity, and detectability , 2015 .

[8]  Deepak Sharma,et al.  Nanoscale organic and polymeric field-effect transistors as chemical sensors , 2005, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[9]  K. Yoshino,et al.  Gas-sensitive and temperature-dependent Schottky gated field effect transistors utilizing poly(3-alkylthiophene)s , 1993 .

[10]  D. Chung,et al.  Morphology-Driven High-Performance Polymer Transistor-based Ammonia Gas Sensor. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[11]  Wouter Olthuis,et al.  Gas‐Dependent Field Effect Transistor with an Electrodeposited Conducting Polymer Gate Contact , 1999 .

[12]  Adele Sassella,et al.  Regioregular polythiophene field-effect transistors employed as chemical sensors , 2003 .

[13]  Marcelo A. Pereira-da-Silva,et al.  Enhanced Sensitivity of Gas Sensor Based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Thin-Film Transistors for Disease Diagnosis and Environment Monitoring , 2015, Sensors.

[14]  H. Meng,et al.  Sensitive gas sensor embedded in a vertical polymer space-charge-limited transistor , 2012 .

[15]  L. Torsi,et al.  Interface and gate bias dependence responses of sensing organic thin-film transistors. , 2005, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[16]  G. Pfister.  Hopping transport in a molecularly doped organic polymer , 1977 .

[17]  George G Malliaras,et al.  Chemical and biological sensors based on organic thin-film transistors , 2005, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[18]  Egbert Zojer,et al.  Chemical Control of Local Doping in Organic Thin‐Film Transistors: From Depletion to Enhancement , 2008 .

[19]  Vivek Subramanian,et al.  Physical discrimination of amine vapor mixtures using polythiophene gas sensor arrays , 2010 .

[20]  Michael L. Turner,et al.  A Nitrogen Dioxide Sensor Based on an Organic Transistor Constructed from Amorphous Semiconducting Polymers , 2007 .

[21]  Yun‐Hi Kim,et al.  Thin Film Transistor Gas Sensors Incorporating High-Mobility Diketopyrrolopyrole-Based Polymeric Semiconductor Doped with Graphene Oxide. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[22]  Yadong Jiang,et al.  The Fabrication and Optimization of Thin-Film Transistors Based on Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Films for Nitrogen Dioxide Detection , 2016, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[23]  J. M. Baik,et al.  A composite of a graphene oxide derivative as a novel sensing layer in an organic field-effect transistor , 2014 .

[24]  Göran Gustafsson,et al.  Determination of field-effect mobility of poly(3-hexylthiophene) upon exposure to NH3 gas , 1990 .

[25]  Joo-Woong Kim,et al.  The Meat Freshness Monitoring System Using the Smart RFID Tag , 2014, Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks.

[26]  Carmen Bartic,et al.  Organic thin-film transistors as transducers for (bio) analytical applications , 2005, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[27]  Thomas Heiser,et al.  Improving the selectivity to polar vapors of OFET-based sensors by using the transfer characteristics hysteresis response , 2016 .

[28]  Luisa Torsi,et al.  Multi-parameter gas sensors based on organic thin-film-transistors , 2000 .

[29]  P. Bremer,et al.  Control of Biogenic Amines in Food—Existing and Emerging Approaches , 2010, Journal of food science.

[30]  T. Swager,et al.  Carbon nanotube/polythiophene chemiresistive sensors for chemical warfare agents. , 2008, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[31]  V. Subramanian,et al.  Thickness changes in polythiophene gas sensors exposed to vapor , 2010 .

[32]  Yun‐Hi Kim,et al.  High-performance diketopyrrolopyrrole-based organic field-effect transistors for flexible gas sensors , 2015 .

[33]  Wei Hu,et al.  Unencapsulated Air-stable Organic Field Effect Transistor by All Solution Processes for Low Power Vapor Sensing , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[34]  H. Haick,et al.  Field effect transistors based on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the detection and classification of volatile organic compounds. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[35]  Nicola Cioffi,et al.  Side-Chain Role in Chemically Sensing Conducting Polymer Field-Effect Transistors , 2003 .

[36]  J. Gardner,et al.  Conductive polymer gate FET devices for vapour sensing , 2004 .

[37]  Zhenan Bao,et al.  Effect of morphology on organic thin film transistor sensors , 2005, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[38]  Richard B. Kaner,et al.  Polyaniline Nanofiber Gas Sensors: Examination of Response Mechanisms , 2004 .

[39]  H. Haick,et al.  A Highly Sensitive Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Ambipolar Transistor for Selective Detection and Discrimination of Xylene Isomers , 2016, Advanced materials.

[40]  Zhenan Bao,et al.  Material and device considerations for organic thin-film transistor sensors , 2009 .

[41]  Manoj K. Ram,et al.  NO2 gas sensing based on ordered ultrathin films of conducting polymer and its nanocomposite , 2005 .

[42]  Salme Jussila,et al.  Applications of an all-polymer solution-processed high-performance, transistor , 2005 .

[43]  V. Rao,et al.  Polymer composite-based OFET sensor with improved sensitivity towards nitro based explosive vapors , 2010 .

[44]  Vivek Subramanian,et al.  Printable polythiophene gas sensor array for low-cost electronic noses , 2006 .

[45]  L. Chi,et al.  Investigation into the Sensing Process of High-Performance H2S Sensors Based on Polymer Transistors. , 2016, Chemistry.

[46]  P. Chakrabarti,et al.  Poly-3-hexylthiophene based organic field-effect transistor: Detection of low concentration of ammonia , 2012 .

[47]  Junsheng Yu,et al.  Poly(3-hexylthiophene)/polystyrene (P3HT/PS) blends based organic field-effect transistor ammonia gas sensor , 2016 .

[48]  D. Kell,et al.  Low cost, portable, fast multiparameter data acquisition system for organic transistor odour sensors , 2009 .

[49]  Hossam Haick,et al.  Nanoscale Sensor Technologies for Disease Detection via Volatolomics. , 2015, Small.

[50]  K. Potje-Kamloth.  Chemical Gas Sensors Based on Organic Semiconductor Polypyrrole , 2002 .

[51]  Deqing Zhang,et al.  Highly Sensitive Thin-Film Field-Effect Transistor Sensor for Ammonia with the DPP-Bithiophene Conjugated Polymer Entailing Thermally Cleavable tert-Butoxy Groups in the Side Chains. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[52]  Luisa Torsi,et al.  Organic thin-film transistor sensors: Interface dependent and gate bias enhanced responses , 2006, Microelectron. J..

[53]  Jiri Janata,et al.  Conducting polymers in electronic chemical sensors , 2003, Nature materials.

[54]  T. K. Chandrashekar,et al.  DONOR PROPERTIES OF METALLOMACROCYCLIC TETRAPYRROLE PIGMENTS WITH SYM-TRINITROBENZENE , 1981 .