Real-time FTIR–ATR spectroscopy to study the kinetics of ultrafast photopolymerization reactions induced by monochromatic UV light

Abstract Real-Time FTIR–ATR spectroscopy was used to study the kinetics of photopolymerization reactions induced by monochromatic UV light. Various photoinitiator systems were tested for their efficiency to start the curing reaction of acrylates on irradiation at 313 or 222 nm. The effect of physical and chemical factors such as photoinitiator concentration, light intensity, temperature, monomer functionality and inertization on kinetic parameters like polymerization rate, induction period and final conversion was studied. The contribution of the postcuring to the final conversion was determined by following the decay of the double bonds during and after irradiation with single or multiple short UV flashes with a duration of 50–200 ms. Finally, some investigations of samples from practical applications such as UV-curable powder coatings, printing inks, and release coatings of silicone acrylates will be reported.

[1]  J. Fouassier,et al.  Radiation Curing in Polymer Science and Technology—Volume II , 1993 .

[2]  C. Decker.  Kinetic Analysis and Performance of UV-Curable Coatings , 1992 .

[3]  C. Decker.  Kinetic study of light‐induced polymerization by real‐time UV and IR spectroscopy , 1992 .

[4]  K. Moussa,et al.  A new method for monitoring ultra‐fast photopolymerizations by real‐time infra‐red (RTIR) spectroscopy , 1988 .

[5]  J. E. Dietz,et al.  Real-Time Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy To Monitor Multiacrylate Polymerization Reactions , 1995 .

[6]  H. Nishide,et al.  Oxygen-permselectivity in new type polyorganosiloxanes with carboxyl group on the side chain , 1990 .

[7]  K. Moussa,et al.  A new class of highly reactive acrylic monomers, 2. Light‐induced copolymerization with difunctional oligomers , 1991 .

[8]  C. Decker.  Real-time monitoring of polymerization quantum yields , 1990 .

[9]  U. Müller.  Photocrosslinking of Silicones. Part 12. UV-Curing of Silicone Acrylates in Thin Layers—A Real Time Infrared Study , 1996 .

[10]  P. Lebaudy,et al.  Photoinitiated polymerization of a dimethacrylate oligomer: 1. Influence of photoinitiator concentration, temperature and light intensity , 1997 .

[11]  A. Weber,et al.  Photoinitiators and photoinitiation, 3. Comparison of the photodecompositions of α‐methoxy‐ and α,α‐dimethoxydeoxybenzoin in 1,1‐diphenylethylene as model substrate , 1982 .

[12]  Ulrich Kogelschatz,et al.  UV excimer radiation from dielectric-barrier discharges , 1988 .

[13]  R. S. Davidson,et al.  Photoinitiated polymerization reactions: Application of a new real-time FTIR system for following the rate of polymerization , 1996 .

[14]  D. Broer,et al.  Temperature effects on the kinetics of photoinitiated polymerization of dimethacrylates , 1991 .

[15]  S. Russo,et al.  On the synthesis of poly (p-benzamide) block copolymers by the phosphorylation reaction , 1990 .

[16]  U. Kolczak,et al.  Recent developments in photoinitiators , 1978 .

[17]  C. Decker.  Photoinitiated Curing of Multifunctional Monomers , 1993, Chimia (Basel).

[18]  A. R. Shultz,et al.  A calorimetric study of acrylate photopolymerization , 1979 .

[19]  Ulrich Kogelschatz,et al.  Silent-discharge driven excimer UV sources and their applications , 1992 .

[20]  K. Moussa,et al.  A new class of highly reactive acrylic monomers, 1. Light‐induced polymerization , 1990 .

[21]  Christian Decker,et al.  Kinetic investigation of photopolymerizations induced by laser beams , 1990 .

[22]  S. Wiberley,et al.  Introduction to infrared and Raman spectroscopy , 1965 .