Turbulence structure in the immediate vicinity of the shear-free air–water interface induced by a deeply submerged jet

Abstract A PIV based technique is developed to perform flow measurements in the vicinity of the air–water interface of a submerged confined jet. Both the interface movement and the velocity field immediately beneath it are measured simultaneously. A detailed turbulence structure in the surface influence region is thus obtained. Flow parameters evaluated without and w.r.t. the interface are quantified and compared against previous works obtained using the conventional Eulerian-based instrumentation which do not account for the interface fluctuation, and checked against analytical model characterising the turbulence close to a assumed flat air–water interface.

[1]  A. Sonin,et al.  Vapor condensation onto a turbulent liquid—I. The steady condensation rate as a function of liquid-side turbulence☆ , 1986 .

[2]  Gerhard H. Jirka,et al.  Near-surface turbulence in a grid-stirred tank , 1987, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[3]  Boo Cheong Khoo,et al.  Turbulence characterisation of a confined jet using PIV , 1992 .

[4]  J. Hunt.  Turbulence structure in thermal convection and shear-free boundary layers , 1984, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[5]  L. Thais,et al.  Turbulent structure beneath surface gravity waves sheared by the wind , 1996, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[6]  W. Peirson.  Measurement of surface velocities and shears at a wavy air–water interface using particle image velocimetry , 1997 .

[7]  H. E. Fiedler,et al.  Reducing time interval between successive exposures in video PIV , 1994 .

[8]  Richard D. Keane,et al.  Super-resolution particle imaging velocimetry , 1995 .

[9]  T. K. Cheung,et al.  Wave‐following measurements in the water beneath an air‐water interface , 1988 .

[10]  David T. Walker,et al.  Shear-free turbulence near a flat free surface , 1996, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[11]  B. Khoo,et al.  Rate correlation for condensation of pure vapor on turbulent, subcooled liquid , 1990 .

[12]  J. C. R. Hunt,et al.  Free-stream turbulence near plane boundaries , 1978, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[13]  Mark J. McCready,et al.  Computer simulation of turbulent mass transfer at a mobile interface , 1986 .

[14]  B. Khoo,et al.  Scalar rate correlation at a turbulent liquid free surface - A two-regime correlation for high Schmidt numbers , 1992 .

[15]  Bernd Jähne,et al.  Measurement of wave-induced turbulent flow structure using digital image sequence analysis , 1991 .

[16]  M. Grisenti,et al.  Physical and hydrodynamical parameters controlling gas-liquid mass transfer , 1994 .

[17]  Frédéric Risso,et al.  Diffusive turbulence in a confined jet experiment , 1997, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.