Face Models from Uncalibrated Video Sequences

We show that we can effectively fit a very complex facial animation models to uncalibrated video sequences, without benefit of targets, structured light or any other active device. Our approach is based on regularized bundle-adjustment followed by least-squares adjustment using a set of progressively finer control triangulations. It takes advantage of three complementary sources of information: stereo data, silhouette edges and 2-D feature points. In this way, complete head models can be acquired with a cheap and entirely passive sensor, such as an ordinary video camera. They can then be fed to existing animation software to produce synthetic sequences.

[1]  Philip E. Gill,et al.  Practical optimization , 1981 .

[2]  Andrew W. Fitzgibbon,et al.  Automatic Camera Recovery for Closed or Open Image Sequences , 1998, ECCV.

[3]  Reinhard Koch,et al.  Self-calibration and metric reconstruction in spite of varying and unknown internal camera parameters , 1998, Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36271).

[4]  Demetri Terzopoulos,et al.  Realistic modeling for facial animation , 1995, SIGGRAPH.

[5]  Rachid Deriche,et al.  A Robust Technique for Matching two Uncalibrated Images Through the Recovery of the Unknown Epipolar Geometry , 1995, Artif. Intell..

[6]  O. D. Faugeras,et al.  Camera Self-Calibration: Theory and Experiments , 1992, ECCV.

[7]  Pascal Fua,et al.  From Regular Images to Animated Heads: A Least Squares Approach , 1998, ECCV.

[8]  Luc Van Gool,et al.  Active acquisition of 3D shape for moving objects , 1996, Proceedings of 3rd IEEE International Conference on Image Processing.

[9]  Olivier D. Faugeras,et al.  Computing differential properties of 3-D shapes from stereoscopic images without 3-D models , 1994, 1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[10]  WON-SOOK LEE,et al.  From Real Faces To Virtual Faces : Problems and Solutions , 1999 .

[11]  W. Press,et al.  Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing , 1987 .

[12]  Thomas S. Huang,et al.  Analysis-based facial expression synthesis , 1994, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Image Processing.

[13]  William H. Press,et al.  Numerical recipes , 1990 .

[14]  Dimitris N. Metaxas,et al.  The integration of optical flow and deformable models with applications to human face shape and motion estimation , 1996, Proceedings CVPR IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[15]  J. Tukey,et al.  The Fitting of Power Series, Meaning Polynomials, Illustrated on Band-Spectroscopic Data , 1974 .

[16]  Pascal Fua,et al.  Imposing Hard Constraints on Deformable Models through Optimization in Orthogonal Subspaces , 1997, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[17]  Bill Triggs,et al.  Autocalibration and the absolute quadric , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[18]  P. Fua From Multiple Stereo Views to Multiple 3-D Surfaces , 2022 .

[19]  Daniel Thalmann,et al.  Simulation of Facial Muscle Actions Based on Rational Free Form Deformations , 1992, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[20]  Aaron F. Bobick,et al.  The direct computation of height from shading , 1991, Proceedings. 1991 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.