Possibilities for new black-liquor processes in the pulping industry: Energy and emissions

Abstract The strongest driving force in the pulp industry is the environment. New process equipment has been installed to reduce emissions and chlorine usage. Recently, more attention has been paid to mill closure. Some of the promising new technologies are waste-water evaporation, green-liquor clarification and thermal-heat-treatment of black liquor. Black-liquor gasification requires more materials technology research. The best way to new meet demands is to modernize the basic process step by step, one unit at a time.