Modeling and Experimental Study of The Vibration Effects in Urban Free-Space Optical Communication Systems

Free-space optical (FSO) communication, considered as a last-mile technology, is widely used in many urban scenarios. However, the performance of urban free-space optical (UFSO) communication systems fades in the presence of system vibration caused by many factors in the chaotic urban environment. In this paper, we develop a dedicated indoor vibration platform and atmospheric turbulence to estimate the Bifurcated-Gaussian (B-G) distribution model of the receiver optical power under different vibration levels and link distances using nonlinear iteration method. Mean square error (MSE) and coefficient of determination ($R^2$) metrics have been used to show a good agreement between the PDFs of the experimental data with the resulting B-G distribution model. Besides, the UFSO channel under the effects of both vibration and atmospheric turbulence is also explored under three atmospheric turbulence conditions. Our proposed B-G distribution model describes the vibrating UFSO channels properly and can easily help to perform and evaluate the link performance of UFSO systems, e.g., bit-error-rate (BER), outage probability. Furthermore, this work paves the way for constructing completed auxiliary control subsystems for robust UFSO links and contributes to more extensive optical communication scenarios, such as underwater optical communication, etc.

[1]  G. Parry.  Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence Induced Intensity Fluctuations in a Laser Beam , 1981 .

[2]  Kamran Kiasaleh,et al.  On the probability density function of signal intensity in free-space optical communications systems impaired by pointing jitter and turbulence , 1994 .

[3]  P. V. Gatenby,et al.  Pointing, acquisition and tracking for optical space communications , 1994 .

[4]  Shlomi Arnon,et al.  Performance limitations of free-space optical communication satellite networks due to vibrations: direct-detection digital mode , 1997, Other Conferences.

[5]  S Arnon.  Use of satellite natural vibrations to improve performance of free-space satellite laser communication. , 1998, Applied optics.

[6]  Joseph M. Kahn,et al.  Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels , 2002, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[7]  Keizo Nakagawa,et al.  Optimum divergence angle of a Gaussian beam wave in the presence of random jitter in free-space laser communication systems. , 2002, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[8]  Stuart D. Milner,et al.  Flexible optical wireless links and networks , 2003, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[9]  Mohsen Kavehrad,et al.  Indoor broadband optical wireless communications: optical subsystems designs and their impact on channel characteristics , 2003, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[10]  Dan Arbel,et al.  Performance limitation of laser satellite communication due to vibrations and atmospheric turbulence: down‐link scenario , 2003, Int. J. Satell. Commun. Netw..

[11]  Shlomi Arnon,et al.  Effects of atmospheric turbulence and building sway on optical wireless-communication systems. , 2003, Optics letters.

[12]  Eric J. Korevaar,et al.  Understanding the performance of free-space optics [Invited] , 2003 .

[13]  Vincent W. S. Chan.  Optical satellite networks , 2003, The 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2003. LEOS 2003..

[14]  Eric R. Ziegel,et al.  Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences , 2004, Technometrics.

[15]  Vijitha Weerackody,et al.  Free-Space Optical Communications for Next-generation Military Networks , 2006, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[16]  J. Grubor,et al.  Recent Developments in Optical Wireless Communications using Infrared and Visible Light , 2007, 2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks.

[17]  Frida Strömqvist Vetelino,et al.  Fade statistics and aperture averaging for Gaussian beam waves in moderate-to-strong turbulence. , 2007, Applied optics.

[18]  Ranjan K. Mallik,et al.  Performance analysis of MIMO free-space optical systems in gamma-gamma fading , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[19]  Qiang Wang,et al.  A novel approach for simulating the optical misalignment caused by satellite platform vibration in the ground test of satellite optical communication systems. , 2012, Optics express.

[20]  Zabih Ghassemlooy,et al.  Experimental validation of fog models for FSO under laboratory controlled conditions , 2013, 2013 IEEE 24th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC).

[21]  Murat Uysal,et al.  Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective , 2014, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[22]  Jing Chen,et al.  Free space optical communication experiments on the vibration platform , 2015, Applied Optics and Photonics China.

[23]  Thomas C. O'Haver,et al.  A Pragmatic Introduction to Signal Processing: with applications in scientific measurement , 2016 .

[24]  Shiwen Mao,et al.  A survey of free space optical networks , 2017, Digit. Commun. Networks.

[25]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  Free-space optical channel characterization in a coastal environment , 2017, Journal of Communications and Information Networks.

[26]  Georges Kaddoum,et al.  Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques , 2017, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[27]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  Free-space optical channel characterization and experimental validation in a coastal environment. , 2018, Optics express.

[28]  Xiquan Fu,et al.  Average intensity and beam quality of optical coherence lattices in oceanic turbulence with anisotropy. , 2018, Optics express.

[29]  Guanjun Xu,et al.  Error performance of deep space optical communication with M-ary pulse position modulation over coronal turbulence channels. , 2019, Optics express.