Electrospinning of Poly (Acrylamide), Poly (Acrylic Acid) and Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibers: Characterization and Optimization Study on the Effect of Different Parameters on Mean Diameter Using Taguchi Design of Experiment Method

In this study, nanofibers of poly (acrylic acid) (PAAc), polyacrylamide (PAAm) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) were prepared using the electrospinning technique. Based on the Taguchi DOE (design of experiment) method, the effects of electrospinning parameters, i.e., needle tip to collector distance, polymer solution concentration, applied voltage, polymer solution feed rate and polymer type, on the diameter and morphology of polymer nanofibers were evaluated. Analyses of the experiments for the diameters of the polymer nanofibers showed that the type of polymer was the most significant factor. The optimal combination to obtain the smallest diameters with minimum deviations for electrospun polymer nanofibers was also determined. For this purpose, the appropriate factor levels were determined as follows: polymer PAAm, applied voltage 10 kV, delivery rate 0.1 mL/h, needle tip to collector distance 10 cm, and polymer solution concentration 8%, to obtain the thinnest nanofibers. This combination was further validated by conducting a confirmation experiment, and the average diameter of the polymer nanofibers was found to be close to the optimal conditions estimated by the Taguchi DOE method.

[1]  D. Cornu,et al.  Review of the Electrospinning Process and the Electro-Conversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into Added-Value Chemicals , 2022, Materials.

[2]  Wenzhi Li,et al.  Covalent organic framework modified polyacrylamide electrospun nanofiber membrane as a “turn-on” fluorescent sensor for primary aliphatic amine gas , 2022, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical.

[3]  C. Yun,et al.  Core-sheath Electrospinning of Shea Butter and Cellulose Acetate to Enhance Heat Transfer in Protective Clothing , 2021 .

[4]  F. Basoli,et al.  Electrospinning Ethanol–Water Solutions of Poly(Acrylic Acid): Non‐Linear Viscosity Variations and Dynamic Taylor Cone Behavior , 2021, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering.

[5]  Abdullah M. Asiri,et al.  Recent Advances in 1D Electrospun Nanocatalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting , 2020, Small Structures.

[6]  K. S. Subramanian,et al.  Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers as carriers for hormones (IAA and GA3) delivery in seed invigoration for enhancing germination and seedling vigor of agricultural crops (groundnut and black gram) , 2020, Polymer Bulletin.

[7]  S. Fatihhi,et al.  Acrylic acid/acrylamide based hydrogels and its properties - A review , 2020 .

[8]  L. Trabzon,et al.  Recent advances in nanofibrous membranes: Production and applications in water treatment and desalination , 2020 .

[9]  H. Esfahani,et al.  Structural and electro-optical properties of electrospun Cu-Doped ZnO thin films , 2019 .

[10]  Younan Xia,et al.  Electrospinning and Electrospun Nanofibers: Methods, Materials, and Applications. , 2019, Chemical reviews.

[11]  D. Reneker,et al.  Droplet-jet shape parameters predict electrospun polymer nanofiber diameter , 2019, Polymer.

[12]  Tugba Eren Boncu,et al.  Nanofibers , 2019, Textile Fiber Microscopy.

[13]  M. Elkasaby,et al.  Modeling and optimization of electrospinning of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) , 2018 .

[14]  Jianzhong Fu,et al.  Research on the electrospun foaming process to fabricate three-dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds , 2018, Journal of Applied Polymer Science.

[15]  Zhiqiang Cheng,et al.  Novel transparent nano-pattern window screen for effective air filtration by electrospinning , 2018, Materials Letters.

[16]  S. Haider,et al.  A comprehensive review summarizing the effect of electrospinning parameters and potential applications of nanofibers in biomedical and biotechnology , 2015, Arabian Journal of Chemistry.

[17]  Rong Wang,et al.  Progress in electrospun polymeric nanofibrous membranes for water treatment : fabrication, modification and applications , 2017 .

[18]  K. Dincer,et al.  Optimization of Parameters for Electrospinning of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers by the Taguchi Method , 2017 .

[19]  G. Angadi,et al.  Development of polyvinyl acetate thin films by electrospinning for sensor applications , 2017, Applied Nanoscience.

[20]  R. Khajavi,et al.  Controlling nanofiber morphology by the electrospinning process , 2017 .

[21]  M. Shokrgozar,et al.  Electrospun poly(hydroxybutyrate)/chitosan blend fibrous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering , 2016 .

[22]  S. Zebarjad,et al.  Evaluation and Optimization of Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers via Taguchi Methodology , 2016 .

[23]  Haiming Xie,et al.  Electrospinning of Nanofibers for Energy Applications , 2016, Nanomaterials.

[24]  N. Tucker,et al.  Fundamentals of electrospinning as a novel delivery vehicle for bioactive compounds in food nanotechnology , 2015 .

[25]  T. Hussain,et al.  Using the Taguchi method to investigate the effect of different parameters on mean diameter and variation in PA-6 nanofibres produced by needleless electrospinning , 2015 .

[26]  H. Albetran,et al.  Characterization and optimization of electrospun TiO2/PVP nanofibers using Taguchi design of experiment method , 2015, Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis.

[27]  Jun Lin,et al.  Multifunctional electrospinning composite fibers for orthotopic cancer treatment in vivo , 2015, Nano Research.

[28]  Sepehr Talebian,et al.  Electrospinning of polymethyl methacrylate nanofibers: optimization of processing parameters using the Taguchi design of experiments , 2015 .

[29]  T. Senthil,et al.  Electrospinning of non-woven poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) nanofibrous webs for corrosive chemical filtration: Process evaluation and optimization by Taguchi and multiple regression analyses , 2015 .

[30]  N. L. Thomas,et al.  Electrospun poly lactic acid (PLA) fibres: Effect of different solvent systems on fibre morphology and diameter , 2014 .

[31]  N. Zhao,et al.  Application of electrospinning fibres on sound absorption in low and medium frequency range , 2014 .

[32]  A. Haider,et al.  Fabrication of highly porous PMMA electrospun fibers and their application in the removal of phenol and iodine , 2013, Journal of Polymer Research.

[33]  S. Mazinani,et al.  Morphological optimization of electrospun polyacrylamide/MWCNTs nanocomposite nanofibers using Taguchi’s experimental design , 2013 .

[34]  A. K. Saxena,et al.  Influence of Process Parameters on Electrospun Nanofibre Morphology , 2013 .

[35]  J. Lowery,et al.  Electrospinning for tissue engineering applications , 2011 .

[36]  Fengting Li,et al.  Effects of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) content on preparation of novel thiol-functionalized mesoporous PVA/SiO2 composite nanofiber membranes and their application for adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution , 2010 .

[37]  C. Xiao,et al.  Preparation of Polyacrylamide Nanofibers by Electrospinning , 2009 .

[38]  Saad A. Khan,et al.  Electrospun nanoparticle-nanofiber composites via a one-step synthesis. , 2009, Small.

[39]  D. Bhattacharyya,et al.  Parametric study of manufacturing poly(lactic) acid nanofibrous mat by electrospinning , 2009, Journal of Materials Science.

[40]  D. Bhattacharyya,et al.  Effects of clay type, clay/compatibiliser content and matrix viscosity on the mechanical properties of polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites , 2008 .

[41]  Darrell H. Reneker,et al.  Electrospinning jets and polymer nanofibers , 2008 .

[42]  Qingbiao Yang,et al.  Fabrication of Au/PVP nanofiber composites by electrospinning , 2007 .

[43]  R. W. Tock,et al.  Electrospinning of nanofibers , 2005 .

[44]  Xiaoyan Yuan,et al.  Morphology of ultrafine polysulfone fibers prepared by electrospinning , 2004 .

[45]  Imtiaz Ahmed Choudhury,et al.  Application of Taguchi method in the optimization of end milling parameters , 2004 .

[46]  C. Butler,et al.  A primer on the Taguchi method , 1992 .