Genetic differentiation between baboon subspecies: Relevance for biomedical research

The use of common names which may encompass a number of subspecies or species is pervasive in the biomedical literature. Failure to identify the complete taxonomic classification of research subjects presents a source of error for scientists attempting to evaluate results or to repeat experiments. This paper examines the problem in a common animal model, the baboon. Analyses of the genetic distances among five baboon subspecies (Papio hamadryas anubis, P.h. cynocephalus, P.h. papio, P.h. ursinus, and P.h. hamadryas) based on blood marker information from nine polymorphic protein loci (ADA, APRT, C3, CA1, CA2, GPI, MPI, PEPB, and PGD) available for baboons resident at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research are presented. Statistical tests on the distances showed that significant genetic differences exist among the subspecies. A comparison of P.h. anubis and P.h. cynocephalus revealed that these two subspecies also differ significantly for biomedically relevant lipoprotein cholesterol levels, as can be predicted from the genetic distances. The results emphasize the pitfalls of using different types of baboons interchangeably in experimental protocols.

[1]  F. Bercovitch,et al.  A-B-O blood groups in Kenya olive baboons (Papio anubis). , 2009, Animal blood groups and biochemical genetics.

[2]  E. P. Fridman,et al.  Species of the Genus Papio (Cercopithecidae, Primates) as Subjects of Biomedical Research: II. Quantitative Characteristics of Contemporary Use of Baboon Species in Medical and Biological Investigations , 1988, Journal of medical primatology.

[3]  J. Blangero,et al.  Pedigree analysis of HDL cholesterol concentration in baboons on two diets. , 1988, American journal of human genetics.

[4]  H. Mcgill,et al.  Deferred Effects of Preweaning Diet on Atherosclerosis in Adolescent Baboons , 1988, Arteriosclerosis.

[5]  P. Friend,et al.  DELAYED ALLOGRAFT REJECTION IN PRIMATES TREATED WITH ANTI‐IL-2 RECEPTOR MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY CAMPATH‐6 , 1988, Transplantation.

[6]  H. Harpending,et al.  Population structure and quantitative characters. , 1983, Genetics.

[7]  W. Rey.  Introduction to Robust and Quasi-Robust Statistical Methods , 1983 .

[8]  A. Cohen,et al.  Finite Mixture Distributions , 1982 .

[9]  J. Kelley,et al.  Genetic mediation of lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein concentrations in the baboon (Papio sp.). , 1982, Atherosclerosis.

[10]  H. Mcgill,et al.  Relationship of Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentrations to Experimental Atherosclerosis in Baboons , 1981, Arteriosclerosis.

[11]  G. Mott,et al.  Enzymatic determination of triglycerides in human and baboon serum triglycerides. , 1978, Clinical chemistry.

[12]  J. Malaby,et al.  Voluntary consumption of alcohol by baboons. Effects of flavor, concentration and temperature of solution. , 1975, Journal of studies on alcohol.

[13]  C. Jolly,et al.  Genetic Markers and Baboon Biology , 1973, Journal of medical primatology.

[14]  J. Kingdon.  East African mammals : an atlas of evolution in Africa , 1972 .

[15]  J. Napier.  East African Mammals: An Atlas of Evolution in Africa , 1971 .

[16]  C. Bramblett.  Non‐metric skeletal age changes in the Darajani baboon , 1969 .

[17]  N. Mantel.  The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. , 1967, Cancer research.

[18]  J. Gower.  Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis , 1966 .

[19]  S. Wright,et al.  Isolation by Distance. , 1943, Genetics.

[20]  Fridman Ep,et al.  Species of the genus Papio (Cercopithecidae, primates) as subjects of biomedical research: II. Quantitative characteristics of contemporary use of baboon species in medical and biological investigations. , 1988 .

[21]  Robin I. M. Dunbar.  Primate social systems , 1987 .

[22]  E. Sturt.  Analysis of linkage and association for diseases of genetic aetiology. , 1984, Statistics in medicine.

[23]  庄武 孝義.  Population genetical study of natural hybridization between Papio anubis and P. hamadryas , 1981 .

[24]  L. Jorde.  The Genetic Structure of Subdivided Human Populations , 1980 .

[25]  T. Shotake,et al.  ヒヒの血液蛋白質の変異-1-アヌビスヒヒ,マントヒヒ,それらの雑種の間の遺伝子交換と遺伝的距離〔英文〕 , 1977 .

[26]  Ashley M Miller,et al.  The jackknife---a review , 1974 .

[27]  Jolly Cj,et al.  Genetic markers and baboon biology. , 1973 .

[28]  U. Nagel.  A comparison of anubis baboons, hamadryas baboons and their hybrids at a species border in Ethiopia. , 1973, Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology.

[29]  C. Groves.  Phylogeny and Classification of Primates , 1972 .

[30]  W. Maples.  Systematic reconsideration and a revision of the nomenclature of Kenya baboons. , 1972, American journal of physical anthropology.