Identifying Support Opportunities for Foreign Students: Disentangling Language and Non-language Problems Among a Unique Population

This study investigates how foreign students address language-related and other problems as a means of identifying opportunities to support them with language and social technologies. We identify support opportunities by distinguishing between different types of problems – e.g. whether they are language-related and whether they involve essential activities in their lives or at school – and the extent to which support already exists. Our unique sample of 15 foreign graduate students who live in Japan but study in English helped us disentangle problems relating to language skills versus those relating to other challenges. We examine these issues using a multi-method approach where students used a mobile app to record experiences and interactions over five weeks, and then discussed this data during an in-depth interview. We use our results to identify specific support opportunities that can be addressed through the development of social and language technologies.

[1]  Jiro Takai,et al.  Adjustment patterns of international students in Japan , 1994 .

[2]  N. Ellison,et al.  Social capital, self-esteem, and use of online social network sites: A longitudinal analysis , 2008 .

[3]  Xun Cao,et al.  Why Did They Do That?: Exploring Attribution Mismatches Between Native and Non-Native Speakers Using Videoconferencing , 2017, CSCW.

[4]  Chris Nyland,et al.  Loneliness and International Students: An Australian Study , 2008 .

[5]  JANE KASSIS HENDERSON,et al.  Language Diversity in International Management Teams , 2005 .

[6]  Jason S. Chang,et al.  Linggle: a Web-scale Linguistic Search Engine for Words in Context , 2013, ACL.

[7]  T. Wills,et al.  Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. , 1985, Psychological bulletin.

[8]  Helen Ai He,et al.  A qualitative study of workplace intercultural communication tensions in dyadic face-to-face and computer-mediated interactions , 2014, Conference on Designing Interactive Systems.

[9]  S. Bochner,et al.  Friendship Patterns of Overseas Students: A Functional Model , 1977 .

[10]  Cliff Lampe,et al.  The Benefits of Facebook "Friends: " Social Capital and College Students' Use of Online Social Network Sites , 2007, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[11]  R. Abouserie,et al.  Sources and Levels of Stress in Relation to Locus of Control and Self Esteem in University Students , 1994 .

[12]  Shamsi T. Iqbal,et al.  Effect of Machine Translation in Interlingual Conversation: Lessons from a Formative Study , 2015, CHI.

[13]  Zheng Yao,et al.  Two is Better Than One: Improving Multilingual Collaboration by Giving Two Machine Translation Outputs , 2015, CSCW.

[14]  A. Furnham,et al.  THE FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS OF FOREIGN-STUDENTS - A REPLICATION AND EXTENSION OF THE FUNCTIONAL-MODEL , 1985 .

[15]  Susan R. Fussell,et al.  International students' use of facebook vs. a home country site , 2014, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[16]  Kerk F. Kee,et al.  Is There Social Capital in a Social Network Site?: Facebook Use and College Students’ Life Satisfaction, Trust, and Participation 1 , 2009 .

[17]  Susan R. Fussell,et al.  Effects of public vs. private automated transcripts on multiparty communication between native and non-native english speakers , 2014, CHI.

[18]  Bart Rienties,et al.  Understanding social learning relations of international students in a large classroom using social network analysis , 2013, Higher Education.

[19]  Matthias Hagen,et al.  Improving Cloze Test Performance of Language Learners Using Web N-Grams , 2014, COLING.

[20]  Chris Nyland,et al.  International Student Security and English Language Proficiency , 2012 .

[21]  Hanne Tange,et al.  Language management and social interaction within the multilingual workplace , 2009 .

[22]  Tsai Hsiao-Ying,et al.  Sojourner Adjustment , 1995 .

[23]  Hao Jiang,et al.  Babel or great wall: social media use among chinese students in the United States , 2012, SIGDOC '12.

[24]  G. Saw,et al.  Social media for international students – it's not all about Facebook , 2013 .

[25]  Devan Rosen,et al.  An analysis of friendship networks, social connectedness, homesickness, and satisfaction levels of international students , 2011 .

[26]  Libby Hemphill,et al.  Asian American Chicago Network: A Case Study of Facebook Group Use By Immigrant Groups , 2016, CSCW '16 Companion.

[27]  Milena Claudius,et al.  A qualitative examination of Muslim graduate international students' experiences in the United States. , 2013 .

[28]  B. Kröner-Herwig,et al.  Acculturative Stress Among International Students in Context of Socio-Demographic Variables and Coping Styles , 2015 .

[29]  Susan R. Fussell,et al.  What's it worth to you?: the costs and affordances of CMC tools to asian and american users , 2010, CSCW '10.

[30]  Toru Ishida,et al.  Lost in transmittance: how transmission lag enhances and deteriorates multilingual collaboration , 2013, CSCW.

[31]  A. Ma Social networks, cultural capital and attachment to the host city: Comparing overseas Chinese students and foreign students in Taipei , 2014 .

[32]  Susan R. Fussell,et al.  Understanding informal communication in multilingual contexts , 2013, CSCW.

[33]  Benno Stein,et al.  Retrieving Customary Web Language to Assist Writers , 2010, ECIR.

[34]  Toru Ishida,et al.  Effects of machine translation on collaborative work , 2006, CSCW '06.

[35]  Tomoko Yashima,et al.  Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language: The Japanese EFL Context , 2002 .

[36]  Madeline E. Smith,et al.  Going to college and staying connected: communication between college freshmen and their parents , 2012, CSCW.

[37]  Naoko Morita,et al.  Negotiating Participation and Identity in Second Language Academic Communities. , 2004 .

[38]  Regina Jucks,et al.  Intercultural communication in university teaching , 2010, ICIC '10.

[39]  Mark Sherry,et al.  International students: a vulnerable student population , 2010 .

[40]  Laurence Habib,et al.  Experiences and Challenges of International Students in Technology-Rich Learning Environments , 2014, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[41]  W. Neuman,et al.  Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches , 2002 .

[42]  Jiro Takai,et al.  Effects of social networks on cross‐cultural adjustment , 1997 .

[43]  Hideaki Kuzuoka,et al.  Difficulties in establishing common ground in multiparty groups using machine translation , 2009, CHI.

[44]  C. Ward,et al.  Where's the "Culture" in Cross-Cultural Transition? , 1993 .

[45]  Tapologo Maundeni,et al.  The Role of Social Networks in the Adjustment of African Students to British Society: Students' perceptions , 2001 .

[46]  R. W. Root,et al.  Informal Communication in Organizations: Form, Function, and Technology , 1990 .

[47]  Michael Liu,et al.  Religious practices in cross-cultural contexts: Indonesian male science students' adjustment in Taiwan. , 2015, Journal of counseling psychology.

[48]  Social Networks of International Students in Japan: Perceived Social Support and Relationship Satisfaction , 1994 .

[49]  Christine J. Yeh,et al.  International students' reported English fluency, social support satisfaction, and social connectedness as predictors of acculturative stress , 2003 .

[50]  N. Geeraert,et al.  Choose your (international) contacts wisely : a multilevel analysis on the impact of intergroup contact while living abroad , 2014 .

[51]  Nara M. Martirosyan,et al.  Impact of English Proficiency on Academic Performance of International Students. , 2015 .

[52]  Susan R. Fussell,et al.  Improving Multilingual Collaboration by Displaying How Non-native Speakers Use Automated Transcripts and Bilingual Dictionaries , 2015, CHI.

[53]  Kristie Saumure,et al.  Multiple routes to cross-cultural adaptation for international students: Mapping the paths between self-construals, English language confidence, and adjustment , 2006 .

[54]  Scott M. Lynch,et al.  Self-Efficacy, Stress, and Academic Success in College , 2005 .

[55]  B. Hofer The Electronic Tether: Parental Regulation, Self-Regulation, and the Role of Technology in College Transitions. , 2008 .

[56]  Sylvie Chevrier,et al.  Cross-cultural management in multinational project groups , 2003 .

[57]  Michael Picheny,et al.  Effects of real-time transcription on non-native speaker's comprehension in computer-mediated communications , 2009, CHI.