Spatial-modulated physical-layer network coding based on block Markov superposition transmission for maritime relay communications

As an alternative to satellite communications, multi-hop relay networks can be deployed for maritime long-distance communications. Distinct from terrestrial environment, marine radio signals are affected by many factors, e.g., weather conditions, evaporation ducting, and ship rocking caused by waves. To ensure the data transmission reliability, the block Markov superposition transmission (BMST) codes, which are easily configurable and have predictable performance, are applied in this study. Meanwhile, the physical-layer network coding (PNC) scheme with spatial modulation (SM) is adopted to improve the spectrum utilization. For the BMST-SM-PNC system, we propose an iterative algorithm, which utilizes the channel observations and the a priori information from BMST decoder, to compute the soft information corresponding to the XORed bits constructed by the relay node. The results indicate that the proposed scheme outperforms the convolutional coded SM-PNC over fast-fading Rician channels. Especially, the performance can be easily improved in high spatial correlation maritime channel by increasing the memory m.

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