A Novel Power Distribution System Employing State of Available Power Estimation for a Hybrid Energy Storage System

This paper presents a novel power distribution system (PDS) algorithm to be employed in a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). PDS is responsible for sharing the demand power between energy storage modules, which are battery and ultracapacitor (UC) in this study. The challenge in designing PDS is in assigning the power-share between these modules. A state of available power technique is proposed based on the prediction of the power limitations for a predefined time frame in the future. Another PDS based on the UC state of charge is developed. Various design variables are defined that affect the performance of the PDS. The genetic algorithm optimization technique is employed to determine the design variables. The proposed PDS techniques along with an energy storage system (ESS) consisting of a single battery and a basic PDS system is studied on a 12-kW electric motorcycle during the standard FTP and the New York City Cycle (NYCC) driving cycles. Battery lifetime, vehicle range, and regenerative braking energy recovery functions for the proposed methods compared with the ESS are improved by 2.6 times, 25%, and 29%, respectively. The results suggest that employing the proposed novel PDSs improves the performance of the HESS significantly.

[1]  Guizhou Ren,et al.  Review of electrical energy storage system for vehicular applications , 2015 .

[2]  Stefan Jakubek,et al.  Battery Emulation for Power-HIL Using Local Model Networks and Robust Impedance Control , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[3]  Vahid Esfahanian,et al.  Development of a hybrid energy storage sizing algorithm associated with the evaluation of power management in different driving cycles , 2012 .

[4]  S. Chowdhury,et al.  Battery storage and hybrid battery supercapacitor storage systems: A comparative critical review , 2015, 2015 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT ASIA).

[5]  Vahid Esfahanian,et al.  Optimum sizing and optimum energy management of a hybrid energy storage system for lithium battery life improvement , 2013 .

[6]  M. Verbrugge,et al.  Battery State Estimator Based on a Finite Impulse Response Filter , 2013 .

[7]  D. Sauer,et al.  JPE 13-4-2 Adaptive On-line State-of-available-power Prediction of Lithium-ion Batteries , 2013 .

[8]  Gregory L. Plett,et al.  High-performance battery-pack power estimation using a dynamic cell model , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[9]  Akshay Kumar Rathore,et al.  Industrial Electronics for Electric Transportation: Current State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[10]  Vahid Esfahanian,et al.  Power Distribution Development and Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage System , 2014 .

[11]  Alireza Khaligh,et al.  Optimization of Sizing and Battery Cycle Life in Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Electric Vehicle Applications , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[12]  A. Bouscayrol,et al.  Influence of control strategies on battery/supercapacitor hybrid Energy Storage Systems for traction applications , 2009, 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[13]  M. Verbrugge,et al.  Cycle-life model for graphite-LiFePO 4 cells , 2011 .

[14]  Wei Li,et al.  Real-Time Simulation of a Wind Turbine Generator Coupled With a Battery Supercapacitor Energy Storage System , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[15]  Bruno Sareni,et al.  Integrated optimal design of a hybrid locomotive with multiobjective genetic algorithms , 2009 .

[16]  R. Karangia,et al.  Battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system used in Electric Vehicle , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability.

[17]  Alon Kuperman,et al.  Battery–ultracapacitor hybrids for pulsed current loads: A review , 2011 .

[18]  Sheldon S. Williamson,et al.  Power-Electronics-Based Solutions for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Storage and Management Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[19]  Hongjie Jia,et al.  A statistical model to determine the capacity of battery–supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system in autonomous microgrid , 2014 .

[20]  Xuhui Wen,et al.  Fuel cell power system and high power DC-DC converter , 2004 .

[21]  Peng Wang,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System in DC Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[22]  Mohsen Esfahanian,et al.  Matlab-based modeling, simulation and design package for Eletric, Hydraulic and Flywheel hybrid powertrains of a city bus , 2014 .

[23]  S Latham,et al.  A reference book of driving cycles for use in the measurement of road vehicle emissions , 2009 .

[24]  Weiwen Deng,et al.  Power Management for Hybrid Energy Storage System of Electric Vehicles Considering Inaccurate Terrain Information , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering.

[25]  Srdjan M. Lukic,et al.  Energy Storage Systems for Automotive Applications , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[26]  Dirk Uwe Sauer,et al.  A comprehensive review of on-board State-of-Available-Power prediction techniques for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles , 2016 .

[27]  A. Emadi,et al.  Electrochemical and Electrostatic Energy Storage and Management Systems for Electric Drive Vehicles: State-of-the-Art Review and Future Trends , 2016, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[28]  D. Stone,et al.  A systematic review of lumped-parameter equivalent circuit models for real-time estimation of lithium-ion battery states , 2016 .

[29]  Philippe Delarue,et al.  A Bidirectional Three-Level DC–DC Converter for the Ultracapacitor Applications , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[30]  Xiaowu Zhang,et al.  A comparison study of different semi-active hybrid energy storage system topologies for electric vehicles , 2015 .

[31]  Heath Hofmann,et al.  Energy management strategies comparison for electric vehicles with hybrid energy storage system , 2014 .

[32]  Christopher R. Houck,et al.  A Genetic Algorithm for Function Optimization: A Matlab Implementation , 2001 .

[33]  Christian Fleischer,et al.  Critical review of the methods for monitoring of lithium-ion batteries in electric and hybrid vehicles , 2014 .