Numerical modeling of precast FRC segments: the Monte Lirio tunnel in Panama

The problem of the Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) thrust effect on the precast FRC segment, without traditional reinforcement, has been faced through a numerical study, combined with an extensive experimental campaign, with reference to the Monte Lirio Tunnel, now in progress in Panama. A numerical modeling, by means of a proper finite element code has been carried out with the aim of simulating the actual actions on the segment. Furthermore, the adopted FE code allows modeling the concrete cracking phenomena and predicting the crack opening, and can be considered a valuable tool for the precast segment design. The obtained results are compared and validated with the evidence of full scale tests.