Chapter 6.4 – The NeuroHomology Database

Publisher Summary The neurohomology database is a knowledge-based summary database, and contains three interconnected modules: brain structures, connections, and homologies. It expresses the existence of typical and specific correspondences among parts of members of natural groups of living organisms. This chapter discusses the way to quantify the degree of confidence of connections, the staining techniques that are used, the method for computing the overall confidence of connections, and the related staining techniques. The concept of homology is defined in relation to the continuity of information and the inheritance of features from a common ancestry or phyletic continuity. The criterion of chemoarchitecture of brain structures refers to specific neurotransmitters and enzymes that are found within these structures. The degree of homology is calculated based on the number of fulfilled homology criteria for each retrieved reference and on the number of retrieved references. The connections as part of the neurohomology database have brain structures related by connections as objects. This chapter identifies eight criteria to define a homology between two brain structures: cell morphology, relative position, cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, afferent and efferent connections, and function.

[1]  P. Goldman-Rakic,et al.  Preface: Cerebral Cortex Has Come of Age , 1991 .

[2]  G. Striedter,et al.  Homology in the nervous system: of characters, embryology and levels of analysis. , 1999, Novartis Foundation symposium.

[3]  R. Reep,et al.  Rodent posterior parietal cortex as a component of a cortical network mediating directed spatial attention , 1998, Psychobiology.

[4]  L A Krubitzer,et al.  The dorsomedial visual area of owl monkeys: Connections, myeloarchitecture, and homologies in other primates , 1993, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[5]  W. Hodos,et al.  The concept of homology and the evolution of the nervous system. , 1970, Brain, behavior and evolution.

[6]  Joseph E LeDoux,et al.  Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex: Projections originating in the accessory basal nucleus , 1996, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[7]  A. Butler,et al.  Levels of organization and the evolution of isocortex , 1996, Trends in Neurosciences.

[8]  H K Feirabend,et al.  Myeloarchitecture of the cerebellum of the chicken (Gallus domesticus): An atlas of the compartmental subdivision of the cerebellar white matter , 1986, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[9]  H. Kuypers,et al.  Retrograde transport of bisbenzimide and propidium iodide through axons to their parent cell bodies , 1979, Neuroscience Letters.

[10]  A. Reiner,et al.  A comparison of neurotransmitter-specific and neuropeptide-specific neuronal cell types present in the dorsal cortex in turtles with those present in the isocortex in mammals: implications for the evolution of isocortex. , 1991, Brain, behavior and evolution.

[11]  R. L. Reep,et al.  Thalamocortical connections of rat posterior parietal cortex , 1992, Neuroscience Letters.

[12]  Brent A. Vogt,et al.  Structural Organization of Cingulate Cortex: Areas, Neurons, and Somatodendritic Transmitter Receptors , 1993 .

[13]  Charles R. Gerfen,et al.  The PHA-L Anterograde Axonal Tracing Method , 1989 .

[14]  Brita Robertson,et al.  Use of Retrograde Fluorescent Tracers in Combination with Immunohistochemical Methods , 1989 .

[15]  D. Pandya,et al.  Intrinsic connections and architectonics of posterior parietal cortex in the rhesus monkey , 1982, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[16]  W. Krieg.  Connections of the cerebral cortex. I. The albino rat. A. Topography of the cortical areas , 1946 .

[17]  P. Goldman-Rakic,et al.  Posterior parietal cortex in rhesus monkey: I. Parcellation of areas based on distinctive limbic and sensory corticocortical connections , 1989, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[18]  A L Panchen,et al.  Homology--history of a concept. , 1999, Novartis Foundation symposium.

[19]  C. Gross,et al.  Topographical organization of cortical afferents to extrastriate visual area PO in the macaque: A dual tracer study , 1988, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[20]  P. Goldman-Rakic,et al.  Posterior parietal cortex in rhesus monkey: II. Evidence for segregated corticocortical networks linking sensory and limbic areas with the frontal lobe , 1989, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[21]  Joseph E LeDoux,et al.  Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex: Projections originating in the lateral nucleus , 1995, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[22]  R. F. Martin,et al.  Chapter I A digital Rosetta stone for primate brain terminology , 1997 .

[23]  C. D. Stern,et al.  Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy Methods in Chemical Neuroanatomy. Edited by A. Bjorklund and T. Hokfelt. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983. Cloth bound, 548 pp. UK £140. (Volume 1 in the series). , 1986, Neurochemistry International.