Hybrid dual-mode tunable polarization conversion metasurface based on graphene and vanadium dioxide.

We present and numerically verify a functionally hybrid dual-mode tunable polarization conversion metasurface based on graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO2). The tunable polarization converter consists of two patterned graphene layers separated by grating which is composed of gold and VO2. Due to the existence of phase change material VO2, the polarization conversion mode can be switched flexibly between the transmission and reflection modes. Theoretical calculations show the proposed polarization conversion metasurface can obtain giant asymmetric transmission (AT) at 0.42 and 0.77 THz when VO2 is in the insulating state. Conversely, when VO2 is in the metallic state, the converter switches to the reflection mode, demonstrating broadband polarization conversion for both forward and backward incidences. Furthermore, the conductivity of graphene can be modulated by changing the gate voltage, which allows dynamic control polarization conversion bandwidth of the reflection mode as well as the AT of the transmission mode. The robustness of the metasurface has also been verified, the high polarization conversion efficiency and AT can be maintained over wide incidence angles up to 65° for both the xoz plane and yoz plane. These advantages make the proposed hybrid tunable polarization conversion metasurface a promising candidate for THz radiation switching and modulation.

[1]  Jia Du,et al.  Electrically tuneable terahertz metasurface enabled by a graphene/gold bilayer structure , 2022, Communications Materials.

[2]  Haofei Shi,et al.  In‐Situ Growth of High‐Quality Customized Monolayer Graphene Structures for Optoelectronics , 2022, Advanced Functional Materials.

[3]  Jia-bing Zhu,et al.  Tunable and reflective polarization converter based on single-layer vanadium dioxide-integrated metasurface in terahertz region , 2021, Optical Materials.

[4]  Yongmin Liu,et al.  Electrically Driven Tunable Broadband Polarization States via Active Metasurfaces Based on Joule‐Heat‐Induced Phase Transition of Vanadium Dioxide , 2021, Laser & Photonics Reviews.

[5]  Bo Xiong,et al.  Flexible Phase Change Materials for Electrically-Tuned Active Absorbers. , 2021, Small.

[6]  Y. Kivshar,et al.  Tunable Mie-Resonant Dielectric Metasurfaces Based on VO2 Phase-Transition Materials , 2021, ACS Photonics.

[7]  B. Jin,et al.  Temperature‐Controlled Optical Activity and Negative Refractive Index , 2021, Advanced Functional Materials.

[8]  Zhengyong Song,et al.  Terahertz absorption modulator with largely tunable bandwidth and intensity , 2020 .

[9]  Byoungho Lee,et al.  Hybrid State Engineering of Phase‐Change Metasurface for All‐Optical Cryptography , 2020, Advanced Functional Materials.

[10]  B. Jin,et al.  Switchable Chiral Mirrors , 2020, Advanced Optical Materials.

[11]  Wei Hu,et al.  Versatile Cross‐Polarization Conversion Chiral Metasurface for Linear and Circular Polarizations , 2020, Advanced Optical Materials.

[12]  Zhizhong Ding,et al.  Theoretical analysis and simulation of a tunable mid-infrared filter based on Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) metasurface , 2019, Superlattices and Microstructures.

[13]  Meng Liu,et al.  Thermally Dependent Dynamic Meta‐Holography Using a Vanadium Dioxide Integrated Metasurface , 2019, Advanced Optical Materials.

[14]  Weili Zhang,et al.  Temperature-Controlled Asymmetric Transmission of Electromagnetic Waves , 2019, Scientific Reports.

[15]  T. Cui,et al.  Independent control of harmonic amplitudes and phases via a time-domain digital coding metasurface , 2018, Light: Science & Applications.

[16]  Qiang Cheng,et al.  Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces , 2018, Nature Communications.

[17]  Bo O. Zhu,et al.  Tunable broadband polarization rotator in terahertz frequency based on graphene metamaterial , 2018, Carbon.

[18]  Shi Chen,et al.  Multifunctional Hybrid Metasurfaces for Dynamic Tuning of Terahertz Waves , 2018 .

[19]  Hojin Lee,et al.  Electrically Controllable Molecularization of Terahertz Meta‐Atoms , 2018, Advanced materials.

[20]  Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi,et al.  Vanadium Dioxide Integrated Metasurfaces with Switchable Functionalities at Terahertz Frequencies , 2018 .

[21]  Alexandra Boltasseva,et al.  Ultrathin and multicolour optical cavities with embedded metasurfaces , 2017, Nature Communications.

[22]  Shuang Zhang,et al.  Electromagnetic reprogrammable coding-metasurface holograms , 2017, Nature Communications.

[23]  D. Werner,et al.  Hybrid Resonators and Highly Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials Enabled by Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[24]  Chengkuo Lee,et al.  Active Phase Transition via Loss Engineering in a Terahertz MEMS Metamaterial , 2017, Advanced materials.

[25]  H. Tsang,et al.  Synergistic Effects of Plasmonics and Electron Trapping in Graphene Short-Wave Infrared Photodetectors with Ultrahigh Responsivity. , 2017, ACS nano.

[26]  Din Ping Tsai,et al.  Active dielectric metasurface based on phase‐change medium , 2016 .

[27]  Theresa S. Mayer,et al.  Hybrid metamaterials for electrically triggered multifunctional control , 2016, Nature Communications.

[28]  D. W. Sheel,et al.  Antenna-assisted picosecond control of nanoscale phase transition in vanadium dioxide , 2016, Light: Science & Applications.

[29]  Chengkuo Lee,et al.  Active Control of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Analog in Terahertz MEMS Metamaterial , 2016 .

[30]  Namkyoo Park,et al.  A Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterial Disengaged from Insulator-to-Metal Transition. , 2015, Nano letters.

[31]  Qiang Cheng,et al.  Broadband diffusion of terahertz waves by multi-bit coding metasurfaces , 2015, Light: Science & Applications.

[32]  Julien Jaeck,et al.  Plasmonic planar antenna for wideband and efficient linear polarization conversion , 2014, Photonics Europe.

[33]  D. R. Chowdhury,et al.  Terahertz Metamaterials for Linear Polarization Conversion and Anomalous Refraction , 2013, Science.

[34]  Xin Zhang,et al.  Terahertz-field-induced insulator-to-metal transition in vanadium dioxide metamaterial , 2012, Nature.

[35]  Xiang Zhang,et al.  Switching terahertz waves with gate-controlled active graphene metamaterials. , 2012, Nature materials.

[36]  S. Maier,et al.  Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency analogue in terahertz metamaterials , 2012, Nature Communications.

[37]  Nikolay I. Zheludev,et al.  Reconfigurable photonic metamaterials , 2011, CLEO: 2011 - Laser Science to Photonic Applications.

[38]  Ai Qun Liu,et al.  Switchable Magnetic Metamaterials Using Micromachining Processes , 2011, Advanced materials.

[39]  Huan Jiang,et al.  High-efficiency and tunable circular polarization selectivity in photosensitive silicon-based zigzag array metasurface , 2022, Optics & Laser Technology.