Updated review on prognostic factors in mycosis fungoides and new skin lymphoma trials

Ten‐year survival rates in mycosis fungoides (MF) broadly varies, however, there is no standardized prognostic index available. This is presumably due to low prevalence, heterogeneity, and diagnostic challenges in MF. Recent studies have focused on identifying objective prognostic indices by using different parameters for survival determinants. The Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (CLIPI) and the Prospective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (PROCLIPI) represent prototypical studies that identify prognostic factors, seeking to improve management and outcomes in early‐stage MF. Detecting these factors and stratifying MF patients according to their disease progression risk may help to manage these patients more efficiently.

[1]  S. Ersoy-Evans,et al.  Lactate dehydrogenase, Beta-2 Microglobulin Levels and CD4/CD8 Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides in Stage 1A , 2020, Acta Medica.

[2]  J. Kornak,et al.  Association of a Proposed New Staging System for Folliculotropic Mycosis Fungoides With Prognostic Variables in a US Cohort. , 2020, JAMA dermatology.

[3]  J. Scarisbrick,et al.  The importance of assessing blood tumour burden in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma , 2020, The British journal of dermatology.

[4]  N. Onsun,et al.  Prognostic factors of patients with mycosis fungoides , 2020, Postepy dermatologii i alergologii.

[5]  J. Cayuela,et al.  Revisiting the initial diagnosis and blood staging of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome with the KIR3DL2 marker , 2020, The British journal of dermatology.

[6]  B. N. Akay,et al.  Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: Clinical characteristics, treatments, and long‐term outcomes of 53 patients in a tertiary hospital , 2020, Dermatologic therapy.

[7]  R. Willemze,et al.  Plaque stage folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: histopathologic features and prognostic factors in a series of 40 patients , 2019, Journal of cutaneous pathology.

[8]  U. Wehkamp,et al.  Characteristics associated with significantly worse quality of life in mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome from the Prospective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (PROCLIPI) study , 2019, The British journal of dermatology.

[9]  J. Braverman,et al.  Measurement of Quality of Life in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Development of an Electronic Instrument , 2019, Journal of medical Internet research.

[10]  M. Weichenthal,et al.  The PROCLIPI international registry of early‐stage mycosis fungoides identifies substantial diagnostic delay in most patients , 2018, The British journal of dermatology.

[11]  R. Clark,et al.  High-throughput sequencing of the T cell receptor β gene identifies aggressive early-stage mycosis fungoides , 2018, Science Translational Medicine.

[12]  C. McCormack,et al.  Systemic Treatment Options for Advanced-Stage Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome , 2018, Current Oncology Reports.

[13]  R. Gniadecki,et al.  Folliculotropism Does Not Affect Overall Survival in Mycosis Fungoides: Results from a Single-Center Cohort and Meta-Analysis , 2017, Dermatology.

[14]  A. Bensussan,et al.  Therapeutic Antibodies to KIR3DL2 and Other Target Antigens on Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas , 2017, Front. Immunol..

[15]  B. N. Akay,et al.  Transformation of Mycosis Fungoides/Sezary Syndrome: Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis , 2017, Turkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology.

[16]  G. Sanclemente,et al.  he impact of skin diseases on quality of life : multicenter study , 2017 .

[17]  R. Willemze,et al.  Clinical Staging and Prognostic Factors in Folliculotropic Mycosis Fungoides. , 2016, JAMA dermatology.

[18]  M. Feinmesser,et al.  New insights into folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF): A single-center experience. , 2016, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[19]  F. Saif Prognostic Significance of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase in Saudi Patients with Mycosis Fungoides: A Retrospective Study of 47 Patients , 2016 .

[20]  F. Trautinger,et al.  Illness Perception in Primary Cutaneous T-cell Lymphomas: What Patients Believe About Their Disease. , 2016, Acta dermato-venereologica.

[21]  R. Cowan,et al.  Cutaneous Lymphoma International Consortium Study of Outcome in Advanced Stages of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: Effect of Specific Prognostic Markers on Survival and Development of a Prognostic Model. , 2015, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[22]  S. Horwitz,et al.  Mycosis fungoides with large cell transformation: clinicopathological features and prognostic factors , 2014, Pathology.

[23]  E. Chang,et al.  Outcomes after diagnosis of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome before 30 years of age: a population-based study. , 2014, JAMA dermatology.

[24]  J. Guitart,et al.  Mycosis Fungoides Variants. , 2014, Surgical pathology clinics.

[25]  M. Feinmesser,et al.  Juvenile mycosis fungoides: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with frequent follicular involvement. , 2014, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[26]  J. Scarisbrick,et al.  A cutaneous lymphoma international prognostic index (CLIPi) for mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. , 2013, European journal of cancer.

[27]  L. Wilson,et al.  Age, race, sex, stage, and incidence of cutaneous lymphoma. , 2012, Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia.

[28]  Wei Wei,et al.  Long-term Outcomes of 1,263 Patients with Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome from 1982 to 2009 , 2012, Clinical Cancer Research.

[29]  A. Rossi,et al.  CLIPI: a new prognostic index for indolent cutaneous B cell lymphoma proposed by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG 11) , 2011, Annals of Hematology.

[30]  J. Scarisbrick,et al.  Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome: validation of the revised International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer staging proposal. , 2010, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[31]  A. Weaver,et al.  Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: single-center study and systematic review. , 2010, Archives of dermatology.

[32]  J. Climent,et al.  Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: clinicopathological features and outcome in a series of 20 cases. , 2010, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[33]  S. Devesa,et al.  Cutaneous lymphoma incidence patterns in the United States: a population-based study of 3884 cases. , 2009, Blood.

[34]  R. Bassett,et al.  Overall survival in erythrodermic cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: an analysis of prognostic factors in a cohort of patients with erythrodermic cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma , 2009, International journal of dermatology.

[35]  T. Kuzel,et al.  Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: an aggressive variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. , 2008, Archives of dermatology.

[36]  Nicola Pimpinelli,et al.  Revisions to the staging and classification of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome: a proposal of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL) and the cutaneous lymphoma task force of the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). , 2007, Blood.

[37]  S. Whittaker,et al.  Molecular staging of lymph nodes from 60 patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: correlation with histopathology and outcome suggests prognostic relevance in mycosis fungoides , 2006, The British journal of dermatology.

[38]  Nicola Pimpinelli,et al.  WHO-EORTC classification for cutaneous lymphomas. , 2005, Blood.

[39]  R. Gillies,et al.  Why do cancers have high aerobic glycolysis? , 2004, Nature Reviews Cancer.

[40]  C. Lebbé,et al.  Prognostic value of blood eosinophilia in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. , 2004, Archives of dermatology.

[41]  R. Willemze,et al.  Follicular mycosis fungoides, a distinct disease entity with or without associated follicular mucinosis: a clinicopathologic and follow-up study of 51 patients. , 2002, Archives of dermatology.

[42]  R. Willemze,et al.  Mycosis fungoides: disease evolution and prognosis of 309 Dutch patients. , 2000, Archives of dermatology.

[43]  M. Kashani-Sabet,et al.  Prognosis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma by skin stage: long-term survival in 489 patients. , 1999, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[44]  A. Varghese,et al.  Mycosis fungoides in young patients: clinical characteristics and outcome. , 1998, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[45]  M. Hendrickson,et al.  Reassessment of histologic parameters in the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides. , 1995, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[46]  G. Saed,et al.  Mycosis fungoides exhibits a Th1-type cell-mediated cytokine profile whereas Sezary syndrome expresses a Th2-type profile. , 1994, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[47]  C. Meijer,et al.  Frequency and prognostic significance of clonal T-cell receptor beta-gene rearrangements in the peripheral blood of patients with mycosis fungoides. , 1992, Archives of dermatology.

[48]  H. Kerl,et al.  Clinicopathologic and Immunologic Features Associated With Transformation of Mycosis Fungoides to Large‐Cell Lymphoma , 1992, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[49]  J. P. Niemeyer‐Corbellini,et al.  Clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with early stage mycosis fungoides. , 2018, Anais brasileiros de dermatologia.

[50]  R. Knobler,et al.  Patients' Illness Perception as a Tool to Improve Individual Disease Management in Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas. , 2018, Acta dermato-venereologica.

[51]  B. Thiers Folliculotropic Mycosis Fungoides: An Aggressive Variant of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma , 2009 .

[52]  A. Ferraris,et al.  Serum lactic dehydrogenase as a prognostic tool for non-Hodgkin lymphomas. , 1979, Blood.