Sodium exchange in smooth muscle

Electrophysiological studies have suggested that the permeability and distribution of ions in smooth muscle may differ considerably from that of other excitable tissues (Burnstock, Holman & Prosser, 1963). Spike-type action potentials have been shown to persist in solutions containing very low concentrations of NaCl (Burnstock & Straub, 1958; Holman, 1958; Daniel & Singh, 1958; Axelsson, 1961). In amphibian stomach muscle contractile responses occur even in Na-free solutions (Singh & Acharya, 1957; Bozler, 1960; Kolodney & Van der Kloot, 1961). The Na+ content of smooth muscle is high compared with skeletal and ventricular muscle (Horvath, 1954; Daniel & Daniel, 1955, 1957; Daniel & Boyes, 1957; Daniel, 1958; Daniel & Singh, 1958; Bozler, Calvin & Watson, 1958; Barr, 1959; Goodford & Hermansen, 1961). There has, however, been some uncertainty as to what fraction of the total Na+ content may be ascribed to the intracellular compartment. The exchange of radio-active Na+ in the guinea-pig taenia coli has been observed by Goodford & Hermansen (1961). They found that over 95% of the Na+ exchanged very rapidly, and the rate of exchange appeared to be limited by the rate of diffusion through the muscle strip. The present study was undertaken to compare and to extend these results to another smoothmuscle preparation, the circular muscle layer from the stomach of the toad (Bufo marinus).

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