Broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in dispersion-engineered silicon-on-insulator waveguide

In this paper, we numerically investigate near- and mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) generation in dispersion-engineered silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides employing a novel side-slotted core structure. The effect of waveguide parameters on the dispersion is studied to achieve optimum dispersion profiles for SC generation in the anomalous and normal dispersion regimes. Numerical results show that by applying an input pump pulse with 200 fs width and 400 W peak power at 2.1 μm wavelength in a 10-mm-long SOI waveguide, SC spectra as wide as 2.8 μm and 2.0 μm can be obtained in the anomalous and normal dispersion regimes, respectively. These waveguides are useful as compact on-chip silicon photonic sources for spectroscopic applications in mid-infrared wavelengths.

[1]  Scott A. Diddams,et al.  Versatile silicon-waveguide supercontinuum for coherent mid-infrared spectroscopy , 2017, 1707.03679.

[2]  Rüdiger Paschotta,et al.  Pulse compression with supercontinuum generation in microstructure fibers , 2005 .

[3]  Rim Cherif,et al.  Super-flat coherent supercontinuum source in As38.8Se61.2 chalcogenide photonic crystal fiber with all-normal dispersion engineering at a very low input energy. , 2017, Applied optics.

[4]  T. Hänsch,et al.  Optical frequency metrology , 2002, Nature.

[5]  R. Baets,et al.  Mid-infrared to telecom-band supercontinuum generation in highly nonlinear silicon-on-insulator wire waveguides. , 2011, Optics express.

[6]  B. Jalali,et al.  Wavelength conversion in silicon using Raman induced four-wave mixing , 2004 .

[7]  Farzin Emami,et al.  Strip/slot hybrid arsenic tri-sulfide waveguide with ultra-flat and low dispersion profile over an ultra-wide bandwidth. , 2013, Optics letters.

[8]  M. Moravvej-Farshi,et al.  Ultra-Wide Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Generation in As40Se60 Chalcogenide Fibers: Solid Core PCF Versus SIF , 2016, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[9]  Supercontinuum generation in silicon waveguides relying on wave-breaking. , 2015, Optics express.

[10]  N. Huang,et al.  Efficient terahertz-wave generation via four-wave mixing in silicon membrane waveguides. , 2012, Optics express.

[11]  H. Saghaei.  Dispersion-engineered microstructured optical fiber for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. , 2018, Applied optics.

[12]  A. Husakou,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in planar rib waveguides enabled by anomalous dispersion. , 2006, Optics express.

[13]  Limiting nature of continuum generation in silicon , 2008, 2008 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2008 Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science.

[14]  Arnan Mitchell,et al.  Mid-infrared octave spanning supercontinuum generation to 8.5 μm in silicon-germanium waveguides , 2018 .

[15]  Ming Xin,et al.  Octave-spanning coherent supercontinuum generation in silicon on insulator from 1.06 μm to beyond 2.4 μm , 2017, Light: Science & Applications.

[16]  M. Lipson,et al.  Octave-spanning mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in silicon nanowaveguides. , 2014, Optics letters.

[17]  R. Soref,et al.  Electrooptical effects in silicon , 1987 .

[18]  H. Saghaei.  Supercontinuum Source for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing in Square Photonic Crystal Fiber via Fluidic Infiltration Approach , 2017 .

[19]  Yang Yue,et al.  Flattened dispersion in silicon slot waveguides. , 2010, Optics express.

[20]  A. E. Willner,et al.  On-Chip Octave-Spanning Supercontinuum in Nanostructured Silicon Waveguides Using Ultralow Pulse Energy , 2012, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[21]  Yang Yue,et al.  On-chip two-octave supercontinuum generation by enhancing self-steepening of optical pulses. , 2011, Optics express.

[22]  Ming Zhu,et al.  Ultrabroadband flat dispersion tailoring of dual-slot silicon waveguides. , 2012, Optics express.

[23]  B. M. A. Rahman,et al.  Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge(11.5)As(24)Se(64.5) chalcogenide channel waveguide. , 2015, Optics express.

[24]  O. Boyraz,et al.  Self phase modulation induced spectral broadening in silicon waveguides , 2004, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2004. (CLEO)..

[25]  M. Moravvej-Farshi,et al.  Midinfrared supercontinuum generation via As2Se3 chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers. , 2015, Applied optics.

[26]  B M A Rahman,et al.  Dispersion engineered Ge₁₁.₅As₂₄ Se₆₄.₅ nanowire for supercontinuum generation: a parametric study. , 2014, Optics express.

[27]  Steve Madden,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared from a dispersion-engineered As2S3 glass rib waveguide. , 2012, Optics letters.

[28]  Y. Vlasov,et al.  Ultrafast-pulse self-phase modulation and third-order dispersion in Si photonic wire-waveguides. , 2006, Optics express.

[29]  A. Andrianov,et al.  Towards Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Generation With Germano-Silicate Fibers , 2014, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[30]  A. Sadr,et al.  Supercontinuum generation for optical coherence tomography using magnesium fluoride photonic crystal fiber , 2017 .

[31]  M. Liao,et al.  Five-Octave-Spanning Supercontinuum Generation in Fluoride Glass , 2013 .

[32]  A. Sadr,et al.  Supercontinuum generation with femtosecond optical pulse compression in silicon photonic crystal fibers at 2500 nm , 2018, Optical and Quantum Electronics.

[33]  Eugene Edwards,et al.  Broadband IR supercontinuum generation using single crystal sapphire fibers. , 2008, Optics express.

[34]  Majid Ebnali-Heidari,et al.  Dispersion engineering of photonic crystal fibers by means of fluidic infiltration , 2012 .

[35]  Wei Zhao,et al.  Influence of the initial chirp on the supercontinuum generation in silicon-on-insulator waveguide , 2011 .

[36]  Yuan Wang,et al.  Mid-IR broadband supercontinuum generation from a suspended silicon waveguide. , 2018, Optics letters.

[37]  Qiang Lin,et al.  Soliton fission and supercontinuum generation in silicon waveguides. , 2007, Optics letters.

[38]  G. Agrawal,et al.  Dispersion tailoring and soliton propagation in silicon waveguides. , 2006, Optics letters.

[39]  Thomas Udem,et al.  A frequency comb in the extreme ultraviolet , 2005, Nature.

[40]  Steve Madden,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in dispersion engineered highly nonlinear (gamma = 10 /W/m) As2S3) chalcogenide planar waveguide. , 2008, Optics express.

[41]  Mohammed N. Islam,et al.  Supercontinuum generation from ~1.9 to 4.5 μmin ZBLAN fiber with high average power generation beyond 3.8 μm using a thulium-doped fiber amplifier , 2011 .

[42]  H. Driel,et al.  Two-photon absorption and Kerr coefficients of silicon for 850–2200nm , 2007 .

[43]  Yang Yue,et al.  Silicon waveguide with four zero-dispersion wavelengths and its application in on-chip octave-spanning supercontinuum generation. , 2012, Optics express.

[44]  Hongjun Liu,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in strip/slot hybrid waveguide with flat and low dispersion. , 2015, Applied optics.

[45]  H. Saghaei,et al.  Resonantly enhanced all-optical switching in microfibre Mach─Zehnder interferometers , 2017 .

[46]  H. Saghaei,et al.  A systematic study of linear and nonlinear properties of photonic crystal fibers , 2016 .

[47]  Govind P. Agrawal,et al.  Nonlinear Fiber Optics , 1989 .