NEW DIRECTIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIOLOGY

Recent research in environmental sociology is reviewed. Following a brief overview of the development of environmental sociology over the past dec­ ade, five areas of environmental sociological scholarship are discussed: (a) the "new human ecology," (b) environmental attitudes, values, and be­ haviors, (c) the environmental movement, (d) technological risk and risk assessment, and (e) the political economy of the environment and environ­ mental politics. It is argued that while the early environmental sociologists sought nothing less than the reorientation of sociology and social theory, environmental sociology's influence on the discipline has been modest. In­ stead, environmental sociology has steadily taken on characteristics of the discipline as a whole, especially its fragmentation and its dualism between theory and the pursuit of middle-range empirical puzzles. Encouraging ex­ amples of recent work that creatively integrates theory and empirical research in environmental sociology are discussed.

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