Spatial operators

This paper discusses issues related to the integration of spatial operators into the new generation of SQL-like query languages. Starting from spatial data models, current spatial extensions of query languages are briefly reviewed and research directions are highlighted. A taxonomy of requirements to be satisfied by spatial operators is proposed with emphasis on users' needs and on the introduction of data uncertainty support. Further, spatial operators are classified into the three important categories of topological, projective, and metric operators and for each of them the state of the art is outlined.

[1]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  Qualitative Representation of Positional Information , 1997, Artif. Intell..

[2]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  Mining multiple-level spatial association rules for objects with a broad boundary , 2000, Data Knowl. Eng..

[3]  M. Egenhofer,et al.  Point-Set Topological Spatial Relations , 2001 .

[4]  Ricky K. Taira,et al.  The Knowledge-Based Object-Oriented PICQUERY+ Language , 1993, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[5]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  Topological Invariants for Lines , 1998, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[6]  Michael F. Worboys,et al.  Imprecision in Finite Resolution Spatial Data , 1998, GeoInformatica.

[7]  Laurent Siklóssy.  Generalized means-ends analysis and artificial intelligence , 1971, Inf. Sci..

[8]  M. Egenhofer.  Categorizing Binary Topological Relations Between Regions, Lines, and Points in Geographic Databases , 1998 .

[9]  R. K. Goyal,et al.  Similarity assessment for cardinal directions between extended spatial objects , 2000 .

[10]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  Composite Regions in Topological Queries , 1995, Inf. Syst..

[11]  Max J. Egenhofer,et al.  Spatial SQL: A Query and Presentation Language , 1994, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[12]  Shashi Shekhar,et al.  Spatial Databases - Accomplishments and Research Needs , 1999, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[13]  Anthony G. Cohn,et al.  Representing Spatial Vagueness: A Mereological Approach , 1996, KR.

[14]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  A Global Framework for Qualitative Shape Description , 1997, GeoInformatica.

[15]  P. D. Felice,et al.  A comparison of methods for representing topological relationships , 1995 .

[16]  Ricky K. Taira,et al.  Knowledge-Based Image Retrieval with Spatial and Temporal Constructs , 1997, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[17]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  Approximate topological relations , 1997, Int. J. Approx. Reason..

[18]  David M. Mark,et al.  Naive Geography , 1995, COSIT.

[19]  Eliseo Clementini,et al.  A Model for Representing Topological Relationships between Complex Geometric Features in Spatial Databases , 1996, Inf. Sci..

[20]  Markus Schneider,et al.  Vague Regions , 1997, SSD.