Ion-selective electrodes.

This review focuses on the more significant contributions to the understanding and use of ion-selective electrodes (ISE's). There is a strong interest in this field as over 1400 articles and abstracts were found during the writing of this review which covers the period from January 1986 through December 1987. The major analytical and electrochemical journals were read and a hand search of Chemical Abstracts uncovered the remaining articles. Unlike previous fundamental reviews, this paper will not attempt to list all the pertinent papers on ISE's. Rather, the more interesting works and applications are covered to illustrate examples of the general trends and directions of ISE interests.

[1]  C. Gardner,et al.  Exchange current densities and other properties of reference electrodes based on the triiodide iodide and silver(I) ion-silver couples in organic solvents , 1982 .

[2]  H. Kawamoto,et al.  Simultaneous determination of bromide and chloride in natural waters by ion-exchange chromatography and direct potentiometry with an ion-selective electrode. , 1982, Talanta.

[3]  C. Lowe,et al.  The affinity electrode , 1979, FEBS letters.

[4]  T. Nieman,et al.  Bipolar pulse conductometric monitoring of ion-selective electrodes : Part 4. Interferences from Electroactive Species in Measurements with the Calcium Electrode , 1983 .

[5]  M. Arnold,et al.  Determination of glutamine in cerebrospinal fluid with a tissue-based membrane electrode , 1980 .

[6]  G. Horvai,et al.  THE PRECISION OF POTENTIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS , 1981 .

[7]  Garry A. Rechnitz,et al.  Preparation and properties of an antibody-selective membrane electrode , 1981 .

[8]  T. Nieman,et al.  Bipolar pulse conductometric monitoring of ion-selective electrodes: Part 1. Method development with a calcium-selective electrode and elucidation of the basic principles involved , 1982 .

[9]  G. Rechnitz Bioanalysis with Potentiometric Membrane Electrodes. , 1982 .

[10]  N. Radic,et al.  Sulfide Ion-Selective Electrode as Potentiometric Sensor for Lead(II) Ion in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Medium , 1980 .

[11]  P. Vanýsek,et al.  Faradaic ion transfer across the interface of two immiscible electrolyte solutions: chronopotentiometry and cyclic voltammetry , 1980 .

[12]  M. Nubé,et al.  The determination of ammonium in Kjeldahl digests using the gas-sensing ammonia electrode. Comparison of the direct method with the known-addition method. , 1980, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[13]  G. J. Moody,et al.  Barium-polyethoxylate complexes as potentiometric sensors and their application to the determination of non-ionic surfactants , 1981 .

[14]  F. Chang,et al.  Cesium Ion-Selective Electrode , 1983 .

[15]  Y. Umezawa,et al.  Response time in electrochemical cells containing ion-selective electrodes , 1983 .

[16]  Wen H. Ko,et al.  An experimental study on the fringe field effect of VDS on ISFET pH sensors , 1982 .

[17]  T. Fjeldly,et al.  Solid state differential potentiometric sensors , 1982 .

[18]  J. Gulens Surface Effects in Relation to the Response of Solid-State Ion-Selective Electrodes , 1981 .

[19]  G. J. Moody,et al.  Potentiometry of alkoxylates , 1981 .

[20]  H. Stuenzi Copper(I) activity of the copper(II) ion-selective electrode. , 1982, Talanta.

[21]  R. Stella,et al.  A study of copper and cadmium iminodiacetate complexes by ion-selective electrodes and application to cadmium monitoring , 1983 .

[22]  G. J. Moody,et al.  Developments in grafting organophosphate ion sensors to polymer matrices , 1982 .

[23]  J. Lehn,et al.  Enantiomer-Selectivity for Phenylethylammonium Ion of Membranes Based on a Chiral Macrocyclic Polyether , 1981 .

[24]  V. Young,et al.  Determination of the surface composition of lead electrode membranes by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis , 1981 .

[25]  D. P. Brezinski,et al.  Kinetic, static and stirring errors of liquid junction reference electrodes , 1983 .

[26]  A. Ellis,et al.  Ion-selective polymeric-membrane electrodes with immobilised ion-exchange sites. Part II. Selectivity of and application studies on a calcium electrode , 1982 .

[27]  M. H. Sadar,et al.  Preparation and analytical uses of immobilized enzymes , 1979 .

[28]  E. Pretsch,et al.  NMR‐Spektroskopische Untersuchungen der kinetischen Limitierung der Kationenselektivität eines cadmiumselektiven Ionophors , 1983 .

[29]  A. Owen,et al.  Chalcogenide glasses as ion-selective materials for solid-state electrochemical sensors , 1980 .

[30]  J. Coetzee,et al.  Determination of trace amounts of basic impurities in nonaqueous solvents with ion-selective electrodes , 1983 .

[31]  R. L. Coleman More on Na+ determination by ion-selective electrode vs. flame photometry. , 1979, Clinical chemistry.

[32]  C. Enke,et al.  Adenosine-Selective Electrode , 1980 .

[33]  F. J. Holler,et al.  Design and evaluation of a potentiometric detection system for flow injection titrimetry , 1982 .

[34]  R. K. Kobos Microbe-based electrochemical sensing systems , 1983 .

[35]  Y. Israel,et al.  Determination of low levels of fluorine in concentrated phosphoric acid by use of the fluoride electrode , 1981 .

[36]  I. Uemasu,et al.  Cadmium ion-selective electrode and ethylenedinitrilotetraacetatocadmium(II) for end point detection in chelatometric titration of nickel(II) ion , 1982 .

[37]  C. O. Lee,et al.  Neutral carrier Na+- and Ca2+-selective microelectrodes for intracellular application. , 1982, Biophysical journal.

[38]  I. Sekerka,et al.  Polycrystalline ion-selective electrode based on Ag2[HgI4]-Ag2S , 1981 .

[39]  M. Symons,et al.  Electron spin resonance of haemoglobin and myoglobin , 1983 .

[40]  W. Simon,et al.  Lipophilic Synthetic Monoamides of Dicarboxylic Acids as Ionophores for Alkaline Earth Metal Cations , 1982 .

[41]  H. Gampp,et al.  Microprocessor-controlled system for automatic acquisition of potentiometric data and their non-linear least-squares fit in equilibrium studies. , 1980, Talanta.

[42]  J. Koryta Theory and applications of ion-selective electrodes part 4 , 1982 .

[43]  J. Salamone,et al.  Acetycholine and choline ion-selective microelectrodes , 1983 .

[44]  M. Thompson,et al.  The electroanalytical response of the bilayer lipid membrane to valinomycin: an empirical treatment , 1982 .

[45]  D. Mulcahy,et al.  Studies with the Selectrode: Determination of Oxalate Ion Activity , 1981 .

[46]  K. Cheng,et al.  Effect of organic solvents and their dielectric constants on ion selective electrode potential , 1979 .

[47]  W. Szczepaniak,et al.  Liquid-state membrane electrode sensitive to bismuth(III). , 1983, Talanta.

[48]  T. Korenaga A liquid membrane ammonium-selective electrode based on the tris(2-nitroso-4-chlorophenol)iron(II) anion , 1980 .

[49]  I. Björkhem Selective ion monitoring in clinical chemistry. , 1979, CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences.

[50]  H. F. Hameka,et al.  Steady-state theory of biocatalytic membrane electrodes , 1981 .

[51]  A. Carel,et al.  Automated Method for Measuring the Thermal Degradation of Polyvinyl Chloride , 1982 .

[52]  H. M. Brown,et al.  A flow injection system for measurement of chemical response time of microelectrodes , 1982 .

[53]  A. Faizullah,et al.  Evaluation of a Mixed Ag2S/AgI Membrane as Hg (II) Ion Selective Electrode , 1981 .

[54]  T. P. Hadjiioannou,et al.  Indirect potentiometric determination of sulphide with a cadmium ion-selective electrode , 1983 .

[55]  L. Campanella,et al.  Phosphonium salts-based liquid membrane electrodes☆ , 1983 .

[56]  D. Lübbers,et al.  Progress in Enzyme and Ion-Selective Electrodes , 1981, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[57]  G. J. Moody,et al.  The Application of Ion-Selective Electrodes in Dental Health and Mineralised Tissue Programmes , 1980 .

[58]  M. A. Jensen,et al.  Response time characteristics of the pCO2 electrode , 1979 .

[59]  W. Annan,et al.  An evaluation of the NOVA I ion selective electrode analyser for sodium and potassium determination , 1980, The Journal of automatic chemistry.

[60]  T. Shirai,et al.  Construction and characteristics of polymer-membrane electrode for sulfate using epoxy matrix , 1982 .

[61]  S. Głąb,et al.  Autoprotolysis constants by coulometric titration. , 1981, Talanta.

[62]  A. Sharma,et al.  Ion-selective electrode for Co(en)33+ ions , 1981 .

[63]  J. J. Sholy,et al.  New Solid State Ion-Selective Electrode Body , 1980 .

[64]  D. Massart,et al.  Performance and characteristics of the fluoride-selective electrode in a flow injection system , 1983 .

[65]  C. Harzdorf The response of halide ion-selective electrodes to redox systems , 1982 .

[66]  E. Diamandis,et al.  Analytical Study of New Creatininium and Tetramethyl-ammonium Cation Selective Membrane Electrodes , 1980 .

[67]  H. Tamura,et al.  Caesium-selective PVC membrane electrodes based on bis(crown ether)s , 1979 .

[68]  E. Diamandis,et al.  Kinetic potentiometric determination of creatinine in serum with a picrate ion-selective membrane electrode. , 1981, Clinical chemistry.

[69]  M. Mascini,et al.  A flow-through detector for simultaneous determination of glucose and urea in serum samples , 1983 .

[70]  I. Sekerka,et al.  Reference Electrode Based on Perfluorosulfonic Acid Membranes , 1982 .

[71]  A. Parczewski,et al.  Random error in the CCS (cells connected in series) potentiometric method , 1983 .

[72]  Erno Pungor,et al.  Adsorption phenomena of silver iodide based ion-selective electrodes , 1982 .

[73]  D. S. Papastathopoulos,et al.  Flow-through electrode unit for liquid membrane electrodes , 1980 .

[74]  G. Rechnitz,et al.  Determination of glutathione and glutathione reductase with a silver sulfide membrane electrode , 1982 .

[75]  M. Trojanowicz,et al.  Limitation of linear response in flow-injection systems with ion-selective electrodes , 1982 .

[76]  D. S. Papastathopoulos,et al.  Construction and analytical applications of liquid-membrane electrodes for atropine and novatropine , 1981 .

[77]  Dimitrios P. Nikolelis,et al.  Construction of an arginine enzyme electrode and determination of arginine in biological materials , 1983 .

[78]  D. Behne,et al.  The NAA system at the reactor BER II clinical analysis of fluorine, calcium, phosphorus and aluminium in bone biopsies, comparison with photon activation analysis and ion sensitive electrode , 1981 .

[79]  G. Somer Determination of mercury in the presence of iron(III) by iodide ion selective electrode , 1981 .

[80]  J. Fyffe A readily available source of serum for use as a precision quality-control material for ionized calcium measurement by ion-selective electrodes , 1982, The Journal of automatic chemistry.

[81]  S. Okazaki,et al.  Enhancement of selectivity of a benzoate-sensitive liquid membrane electrode by alkylphenol , 1980 .

[82]  M. Arnold,et al.  Serine-selective membrane probe based on immobilized anaerobic bacteria and a potentiometric ammonia gas sensor , 1981 .

[83]  S. D. Pandey,et al.  Potentiometric studies with solid ion-exchange membrane electrodes , 1982 .

[84]  L. Niedrach Comparison of the zirconia pH sensor and the glass electrode , 1983 .

[85]  S. Hassan New atomic-absorption spectrometric, potentiometric and polarographic methods for the determination of nitrates. , 1981, Talanta.

[86]  E. Pungor,et al.  Response time studies for precipitate-based ion-selective electrodes in the range of the lower detection limit , 1982 .

[87]  J. Ekstrand,et al.  Determination of fluoride in biological fluids with a reversible solid-state contact combination fluoride electrode , 1983 .

[88]  Jiri Janata,et al.  Equilibrium Noise in Ion Selective Field Effect Transistors , 1982 .

[89]  R. Cattrall,et al.  Ion-selective electrodes responsive to chlorocobaltate(II) ions , 1980 .

[90]  N. Kamo,et al.  Determination of membrane potential of “Eschirichia coli”with use of an electrode sensitive to tetraphenyl phosphonium , 1979 .

[91]  R. H. Robins,et al.  Disposable potentiometric ammonia gas sensors for estimation of ammonia in blood. , 1980, Analytical chemistry.

[92]  M. Oehme Inexpensive precision ph microcell for volumes of 50–200μl with replaceable glass membrane and diaphragm , 1981 .

[93]  O. Siggaard‐Andersen,et al.  Evaluation of a new semiautomatic electrode system for simultaneous measurement of ionized calcium and pH. , 1982, Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation.

[94]  A. M. Yacynych,et al.  Chemically modified graphite electrode with immobilized enzyme as a potentiometric sensor for some l-amino acids , 1981 .

[95]  K. Nagy,et al.  All-solid state ion-selective electrodes with integral amplifier electronics. , 1981 .

[96]  N. Fogh‐Andersen Ionized calcium analyzer with a built-in pH correction. , 1981, Clinical chemistry.

[97]  J. Buffle,et al.  Role of the diffusion process on the response time of CO2 electrodes , 1981 .

[98]  M. Neshkova,et al.  The Ternary Coppersilver Selenide—A New Homogeneous Solid State Ion-Selective Electrode for Copper (II) , 1983 .

[99]  G. J. Moody,et al.  Calcium ion-selective electrode studies: covalent bonding of organic phosphates and phosphonates to polymer matrices , 1983 .

[100]  M. Mascini,et al.  A Tissue-Based Electrode for Peroxidase Assay: Preliminary Results in Hormone Determination by EIA , 1983 .

[101]  K. Cheng,et al.  Radioactive tracer study of adsorption and exchange reaction of lead ion selective electrode membrane , 1980 .

[102]  M. Esashi,et al.  The Cation Concentration Response of Polymer Gate ISFET , 1982 .

[103]  P. Vanýsek,et al.  Investigation of acetylcholine, choline and acetylcholinesterase at the interface of the two immiscible electrolyte solutions , 1981 .

[104]  S. K. Guha,et al.  Rapid Estimation of Free and Combined Soda of High Purity Reactive Alumina by Means of Sodium Ion Selective Glass Electrode , 1982 .

[105]  R. Dipolo,et al.  Determination of ionic calcium in frog skeletal muscle fibers. , 1983, Biophysical journal.

[106]  A. Campiglio Die Mikrobestimmung von Selen in organischen Verbindungen durch potentiometrische Selenittitration mit Blei (II) unter Verwendung einer blei-spezifischen Elektrode , 1979 .

[107]  D. Gozzi,et al.  Some results on the behaviour of a liquid ion-exchange membrane electrode under flowing conditions , 1980 .

[108]  J. Slanina,et al.  The use of ion-selective electrodes in manual and computer-controlled plow injection systems , 1980 .

[109]  C. E. Efstathiou,et al.  Monte Carlo simulation for the study of error propagation in the double known addition method with ion-selective electrodes , 1982 .

[110]  S. Rondinini,et al.  An Analysis of Operational Conditions for the Double Addition Method of Determining Ions From Electromotive Forces of Ion-Selective Electrode Cells , 1982 .

[111]  F. Walters,et al.  The Analysis of Fluoride in Geothermal-Geopressured Brines , 1983 .

[112]  A. Fogg,et al.  Ion-selective electrodes based on tetraphenyl-phosphonium 12-tungstosilicate and on crystal violet tetraphenylborate in the potentiometric titration of acid and basic dyes , 1980 .

[113]  M. Hato,et al.  Kinetic assay of enzymes with an ammonia gas-sensing electrode : Part 2. In situ monitoring of serum leucine aminopeptidase , 1983 .

[114]  L. Campanella,et al.  Dynamic response relationship for an ion-exchange liquid membrane electrode , 1979 .

[115]  E. Pungor,et al.  The adsorption of copper ions on the surface of copper(II) sulphide precipitate-based ion-selective electrodes , 1983 .

[116]  M. Hato,et al.  Kinetic assay of enzymes with an ammonia gas-sensing electrode : Part 1. Dynamic responses of the sensor , 1983 .

[117]  M. Kataoka,et al.  Construction of a permanganate ion-selective electrode and its application to potentiometric titrations. , 1983, Talanta.

[118]  H. B. Mark,et al.  A polymeric sulfur nitride, (sn)x, electrode responsive to ph and its application to the aqueous potentiometric titration of weak acids , 1982 .

[119]  G. J. Moody,et al.  Sulphide ion-selective electrode studies concerning Desulfovibrio species of sulphate-reducing bacteria , 1983 .

[120]  C. E. Efstathiou,et al.  Construction, characteristics and application of a dichloroacetate-selective electrode in the determination of chloramphenicol in pharmaceuticals , 1983 .

[121]  M. Fujita,et al.  Application of the ammonia gas-sensing electrode: determination of drugs having a carboxyamide group by decomposition with acid. , 1982, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[122]  Masaru Okada,et al.  An Improved Standard Addition Method with an Ion-Selective Electrode , 1982 .

[123]  D. Chakraborti,et al.  Potentiometric determination of sulphate in fertilisers with cadmium sulphide membrane electrode , 1979 .

[124]  J. Janata,et al.  Ion-selective electrode for intracellular potassium measurements. , 1980, Analytical chemistry.

[125]  G. Choppin,et al.  Membrane electrode for the determination of actinyl(VI) cations , 1983 .

[126]  A. Bond,et al.  On-line monitoring with an ion-selective electrode in a high-volume flow-through cell , 1982 .

[127]  J. Schindler,et al.  Ionenselektive Coated Glass-Elektroden , 1979 .

[128]  W. Ruth,et al.  Valinomycin mediated transfer of potassium across the water/nitrobenzene interface , 1983 .

[129]  J. O. Egekeze,et al.  Determination of sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080) in biological tissues using oxygen combustion and a fluoride selective membrane electrode , 1979 .

[130]  Werner E. Morf,et al.  Neutral Carrier Based Ion-Selective Electrodes , 1983 .

[131]  S. Ben-Yaakov,et al.  Application of personal microcomputers in the analytical laboratory--I: Potentiometric analysis. , 1982, Talanta.

[132]  F. Vögtle,et al.  Neutrale Ionophore mit Selektivität für Na , 1983 .

[133]  A. Truchaud,et al.  Response of ion-selective sodium and potassium electrodes in the Beckman Astra 4 and Astra 8 analyzers. , 1980, Clinical chemistry.

[134]  J. Coetzee,et al.  Response of the fluoride ion selective electrode in organic solvents , 1980 .

[135]  J. Koryta Ion Transfer Across Water/Organic Phase Boundaries and Analytical Applications , 1983 .

[136]  T. Moriizumi,et al.  Micro Urea Sensor Using Semiconductor and Enzyme-immobilizing Technologies , 1983 .

[137]  T. Fjeldly,et al.  Fluoride Electrodes with Reversible Solid‐State Contacts , 1980 .

[138]  R. Shrager,et al.  Instrumentation and procedures for real time measurements of proton motive force, membrane potential, delta pH, proton extrusion, and oxygen uptake in respiring cells and vesicles. , 1983, The Review of scientific instruments.

[139]  R. Bates,et al.  Determination of mean activity coefficients with ion-selective electrodes , 1983 .

[140]  M. Toriyama,et al.  The Determination of Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Serum by Means of Flow-through Analysis with an Ion-selective Electrode , 1981 .

[141]  A. K. Covington,et al.  Reference Electrodes and Liquid Junction Effects in Ion-Selective Electrode Potentiometry , 1983 .

[142]  Wilhelm Simon,et al.  N,N,N′,N′-Tetrabutyl-3,6-dioxaoctan-dithioamid, Ionophor mit Selektivität für Cd2+ , 1980 .

[143]  J. Zemel,et al.  pH-sensitive sputtered iridium oxide films , 1981 .

[144]  T. Shirai,et al.  Construction And Characteristics of Epoxy Polymer Membrane Electrode for Chloride , 1982 .

[145]  D. S. Papastathopoulos,et al.  Construction and evaluation of a solid-state iodide selective electrode: A chemical instrumentation laboratory experiment , 1980 .

[146]  C. D. Kennedy Transient potential shifts with pH glass electrodes due to divalent cations , 1983 .

[147]  M. F. El-tarras,et al.  Effect of Some Precipitating and Complexing Agents on the Potential of an Ion-Selective Pb(II) - Electrode , 1981 .

[148]  G. J. Moody,et al.  Ion-selective electrode determination of sulphide produced by sulphate-reducing bacteria , 1983 .

[149]  K. Torrance Improved pH cells for over-all temperature compensation in the measurement of the pH of boiler feedwater , 1982 .

[150]  J.-Cl. Landry,et al.  Potentiometric determination of fluoride by a combination of continuous-flow analysis and the gran addition method , 1981 .

[151]  G. Rechnitz,et al.  Kinetic Determination of Trypsin with an Ammonia Gas-Sensing Membrane Electrode , 1982 .

[152]  R. Buck,et al.  Impedance characterization of anodized silver/silver chloride electrodes , 1980 .

[153]  D. Nordstrom,et al.  Fluoride in precipitation—I. Methodology with the Fluoride-selective Electrode , 1982 .

[154]  D. S. Papastathopoulos,et al.  A Study of in vivo Fluoride Uptake by Dental Tissues from Fluoride-containing Silver Amalgams , 1981, Journal of dental research.

[155]  R. Jensen,et al.  Micromethod for determining plasma ammonia nitrogen with use of an ion-selective electrode. , 1983, Clinical chemistry.

[156]  H. Tamura,et al.  Potassium-selectivities of Bis(benzo-15-crown-5) Derivatives Obtained from Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acids , 1983 .

[157]  D. Midgley Communication. Limit of detection in analysis with ion-selective electrodes , 1980 .

[158]  G. Rechnitz,et al.  Enzymatic determination of thiamin pyrophosphate with a carbon dioxide membrane electrode , 1983 .

[159]  Mark E. Meyerhoff,et al.  An ion-selective electrode/flow-injection analysis experiment: determination of potassium in serum , 1983 .

[160]  KokadoHiroshi,et al.  Photopolymerization of amorphous sulfur on solid state , 1974 .

[161]  J. Illingworth A common source of error in pH measurements. , 1981, The Biochemical journal.

[162]  N. Dodd,et al.  Applications of E. S. R. in medicine , 1983 .

[163]  P. Seegopaul,et al.  Rapid-flow continuous analysis with ion-selective electrodes , 1980 .

[164]  G. Guilbault APPLICATIONS OF ENZYME ELECTRODES IN ANALYSIS , 1981, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[165]  T. Foglia,et al.  Simplified alcoholic extraction procedure for ammonia in meat tissue , 1983 .

[166]  M. Thompson,et al.  The electroanalytical response of the bilayer lipid membrane to valinomycin: membrane cholesterol content , 1982 .

[167]  G. Kakabadse Chemistry of effluent treatment , 1979 .

[168]  S. Głąb,et al.  Effects of some complex-forming ligands on the potential of antimony pH-sensors. , 1981, Talanta.

[169]  K. Fung,et al.  Determination of nitrate and nitrite in meat products by using a nitrate ion-selective electrode. , 1980, The Analyst.

[170]  E. Schalscha,et al.  Flow Injection Analysis of Nitrate in Soil Extracts—Evaluation of a Nitrate-Selective Flow Electrode Method 1 , 1981 .

[171]  P. C. Meier,et al.  Direct potentiometric water hardness determination using ion-selective electrodes , 1980 .

[172]  K. Vytras,et al.  Application of the Crytur 20-15 Ca 2+ -selective electrode in volumetric analysis , 1983 .

[173]  David N. Hume,et al.  Chloride interference in cupric ion selective electrode measurements , 1979 .

[174]  W. Simon,et al.  Lifetime of neutral carrier based ion-selective liquid-membrane electrodes , 1980 .

[175]  M. Kataoka,et al.  Liquid-membrane dodecylbenzenesulphonate ion-selective electrode employing Victoria Blue as the counter-ion. , 1980, Talanta.

[176]  G. Dilley Determination of anionic-active matter in detergents by potentiometric titration , 1980 .

[177]  A. Cormier,et al.  More on direct potentiometry--the ion-selective electrode vs flame photometry. , 1980, Clinical chemistry.

[178]  W. Ruth,et al.  Determination of Monensin by Voltammetry at the Interface between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions , 1982 .

[179]  R. F. Savinell,et al.  Miniature glass pH electrode with nonaqueous internal reference solution , 1981 .

[180]  E. Sigel,et al.  A simple system for the measurement of ion activities with solvent polymeric membrane electrodes. , 1979, Analytical biochemistry.

[181]  D. S. Papastathopoulos,et al.  Continuous-flow serum albumin determination by reaction with picrate ions, with use of a flow-through picrate ion electrode. , 1981, Clinical chemistry.

[182]  K. Stulík,et al.  Some potentiometric sensors with low output impedance , 1983 .

[183]  D. Spedding,et al.  Use of a sulphur dioxide gas sensing membrane probe in wines and juices at their natural pH , 1980 .

[184]  Malcolm Dole,et al.  The early history of the development of the glass electrode for pH measurements , 1980 .

[185]  R. K. Kobos,et al.  Potentiometric microbiological assay of gentamicin, streptomycin, and neomycin with a carbon dioxide gas-sensing electrode. , 1983, Analytical chemistry.

[186]  B. Atkinson,et al.  Acquisition and processing of data from a multiple pH-stat system monitoring enzyme kinetics (urea - urease). , 1980, The Analyst.

[187]  G. Hefter Calculation of liquid junction potentials for equilibrium studies , 1982 .

[188]  B. Noszál,et al.  The use of equilibrium reactions in potentiometric analysis , 1980 .

[189]  L. Campanella,et al.  Cholate liquid membrane ion-selective electrode for drug analysis , 1983 .

[190]  G. Parker,et al.  Determination of fluoride ions in concentrated sulphuric acid with a fluoride ion-selective electrode , 1980 .

[191]  S. I. Leppävuori,et al.  The Use of Hybrid Microelectronics in the Construction of Ion-Selective Electrodes , 1983 .

[192]  M. Meyerhoff,et al.  Response properties, applications and limitations of carbonate-selective polymer membrane electrodes , 1982 .

[193]  Y. Ujihira,et al.  Preparation of Na+-selective electrodes by ion-implantation of lithium and silicon into single-crystal alumina wafer and its application to the production of ISFET , 1982 .

[194]  G. Rechnitz,et al.  Induced bacterial electrode for the potentiometric measurement of tyrosine , 1982 .

[195]  I. Sekerka,et al.  Application of Ion-Selective Electrodes as Reference Electrodes , 1979 .

[196]  Chien‐Shu Luo,et al.  Uranyl selective electrode based on organophosphorus compounds , 1982 .

[197]  M. Hato,et al.  The Consecutive Determination of Serum Ammonia and Leucine Amino Peptidase with an Ammonia Gas-sensing Electrode , 1983 .

[198]  J. Symerský,et al.  Coated-wire organic ion-selective electrodes in titrations based on ion-pair formation: Part 4. Determination of some acidic anthraquinone dyestuffs☆ , 1981 .

[199]  T. Hepel Chloride interference with non-stoichiometric copper sulphide copper(II)-selective electrodes: Part 3. New equation for the electrode response , 1982 .

[200]  J. Schindler,et al.  Zur Reproduzierbarkeit von Na+-, K+- und Ca2+-selektiven Diskelektroden in Abhängigkeit vom Anzeigefehler des verwendeten Potentialmeßgerätes , 1980 .

[201]  G. Horvai,et al.  Injection techniques in dynamic flow-through analysis with electroanalytical sensors , 1979 .

[202]  A. Zara,et al.  Electrochemistry in Ethanol. I- Reference Electrodes , 1982 .

[203]  M. Geißler Verhalten der jodid-ionenselektiven Elektrode bei der potentiometrischen Titration von Palladium(II) mit Jodid , 1980 .

[204]  F. Donati,et al.  Sample fusion at low temperature for the potentiometric determination of fluorine in silicate materials , 1981 .

[205]  P. Carr,et al.  Theoretical evaluation of the steady-state response of potentiometric enzyme electrodes , 1980 .

[206]  M. Arnold,et al.  Tissue-based membrane electrode with high biocatalytic activity for measurement of adenosine 5'-monophosphate. , 1981, Analytical chemistry.

[207]  Mark A. Arnold,et al.  Improved dynamic response of potentiometric ammonia sensors using pure teflon membranes , 1983 .

[208]  G. Ortolano,et al.  An inexpensive method for the determination of serum ionized calcium , 1983 .

[209]  C. E. Efstathiou,et al.  Potentiometric determination of nicotine in tobacco products with a nicotine-sensitive liquid membrane electrode , 1981 .

[210]  H. E. Braun,et al.  Strömungsoptimiertes Multimeßsystem mit ionenselektiven Diskelektroden , 1980 .

[211]  E. P. Diamandis,et al.  Titrimetric determination of iodide, hexacyanoferrate(ii), thiourea, cationic surfactants, and of picrate with a picrate ion-selective electrode , 1980 .

[212]  W. Selig Microdetermination of aliphatic amines and polyamines with cupric ion: Relationship between pK1 and half-complexation potential☆☆☆ , 1982 .

[213]  M. Schreiber Computer-controlled coulostatic stripping analysis , 1981 .

[214]  P. Mohanakrishnan,et al.  Ion-specific electrode study of copper binding to serum albumins. , 1982, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[215]  A. Brading,et al.  Measurement of intracellular chloride in guinea‐pig vas deferens by ion analysis, 36chloride and micro‐electrodes , 1982, The Journal of physiology.

[216]  M. T. Ganzerli-Valentini,et al.  Copper ion-selective electrode for determination of inorganic copper species in fresh waters , 1979 .

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