Current Uses for Task-Based Language Assessment

ABSTRACT Task-based language assessment (TBLA) has generated interest since the early 1990s, primarily in conjunction with the ongoing development of task-based language teaching (TBLT) and the pursuit of developing appropriate testing models for this approach to pedagogy (Norris, 2002, 2009). However, tasks also offer considerable advantages for language assessment, beyond their obvious relevance within TBLT classes and programs. In fact, major innovations in the general domain of language assessment over the past two decades have occurred in conjunction with the introduction of tasks into assessment design, largely in response to the need for tests that better represent examinees’ abilities to use the language (Mislevy, Steinberg, & Almond, 2002), but also because tasks offer a meaningful space for language teachers, testers, learners, and others to examine, understand, and improve language learning endeavors (Van Gorp & Deygers, 2013). This article reviews the considerable range of current uses for TBLA, illustrating different types of assessment with concrete examples and highlighting distinct roles for tasks as a basic unit of analysis in test design, interpretation, and intended consequence. Ultimately, it argues that tasks offer a fundamental, though not exclusive, foundation for useful language assessment, and that task-based assessment, though challenging, is probably worth the effort.

[1]  Jian Cheng,et al.  Validating automated speaking tests , 2010 .

[2]  Dan Douglas,et al.  Assessing Languages for Specific Purposes , 1999 .

[3]  Moonyoung Park,et al.  Development and validation of virtual interactive tasks for an aviation English assessment , 2015 .

[4]  Brian North,et al.  Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: learning, teaching, assessment , 2009 .

[5]  S. Bacchini The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics , 2014 .

[6]  Merrill Swain,et al.  Researching Pedagogic Tasks: Second Language Learning, Teaching, and Testing , 2013 .

[7]  Micheline Chalhoub-Deville,et al.  Second language interaction: current perspectives and future trends , 2003 .

[8]  Lyle F. Bachman Some reflections on task-based language performance assessment , 2002 .

[9]  John M. Norris,et al.  Task‐Based Teaching and Testing , 2009 .

[10]  Martin East,et al.  Task-Based Language Teaching from the Teachers' Perspective: Insights from New Zealand , 2012 .

[11]  T. McNamara Measuring Second Language Performance , 1996 .

[12]  John M. Norris,et al.  Interpretations, intended uses and designs in task-based language assessment , 2002 .

[13]  Carol A. Chapelle,et al.  The encyclopedia of applied linguistics , 2013 .

[14]  Sara Gysen,et al.  Issues in Functional Language Performance Assessment: The Case of the Certificate Dutch as a Foreign Language , 2005 .

[15]  Allan S. Cohen,et al.  Validating Measures of Performance , 2005 .

[16]  Eileen W. Glisan,et al.  Forum on the Standards for Foreign Language Learning: Preparing for the 21st Century. , 1999 .

[17]  Kris Van den Branden,et al.  Task-based language education : from theory to practice , 2006 .

[18]  J. D. Brown,et al.  THE ALTERNATIVES IN LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT , 1998 .

[19]  Carol A. Chapelle,et al.  Building a validity argument for the test of english as a foreign language , 2011 .

[20]  Geoff Brindley,et al.  THE PROMISE AND THE CHALLENGE , 2012 .

[21]  Martin East Coming to terms with innovative high-stakes assessment practice: Teachers’ viewpoints on assessment reform , 2015 .

[22]  James Dean Brown,et al.  Performance assessment: Existing literature and directions for research , 2004 .

[23]  James Dean Brown,et al.  Designing Second Language Performance Assessments , 1998 .

[24]  Susan M. Brookhart,et al.  Teaching about Communicating Assessment Results and Grading. , 2005 .

[25]  Janna Fox,et al.  Language Testing Reconsidered , 2007 .

[26]  James Dean Brown,et al.  Examinee abilities and task difficulty in task-based second language performance assessment , 2002 .

[27]  J. Charles Alderson AIR SAFETY, LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT POLICY, AND POLICY IMPLEMENTATION: THE CASE OF AVIATION ENGLISH , 2009, Annual Review of Applied Linguistics.

[28]  Lyle F. Bachman 3. What is the Construct? The Dialectic of Abilities and Contexts in Defining Constructs in Language Assessment , 2007 .

[29]  Sara Gysen,et al.  Developing and introducing task-based language tests , 2006 .

[30]  Anu Virkkunen-fullenwider,et al.  Guidelines for task-based university language testing , 2011 .

[31]  B. Norton,et al.  Accountability in Language Assessment of Adult Immigrants in Canada , 1999 .

[32]  Constant Leung,et al.  The Companion to Language Assessment , 2013 .

[33]  Grazyna Pawlikowska-Smith Canadian language benchmarks : English as a second language for adults , 2000 .

[34]  C. Davison Views From the Chalkface: English Language School-Based Assessment in Hong Kong , 2007 .

[35]  D. Coyle CLIL - a pedagogical approach from the European perspective , 2010 .

[36]  Ari Huhta,et al.  Designing and Assessing L2 Writing Tasks Across CEFR Proficiency Levels , 2012 .

[37]  Heidi Byrnes,et al.  The role of task and task-based assessment in a content-oriented collegiate foreign language curriculum , 2002 .

[38]  C. Elder Assessing the language proficiency of teachers: are there any border controls? , 2001 .

[39]  Grant Wiggins,et al.  Educative Assessment: Designing Assessments to Inform and Improve Student Performance , 1998 .

[40]  G. Wigglesworth,et al.  Task and Performance-based assessment , 2016 .

[41]  Eileen W. Glisan,et al.  The integrated performance assessment (IPA):: Connecting assessment to instruction and learning. , 2006 .

[42]  P. Skehan 语言学习认知法 = A cognitive approach to language learning , 1998 .

[43]  J. Lockwood Language for Specific Purpose (LSP) performance assessment in Asian call centres: strong and weak definitions , 2015 .

[44]  C. Elder,et al.  Health Professionals' Views of Communication: Implications for Assessing Performance on a Health-Specific English Language Test. , 2012 .

[45]  Russell G. Almond,et al.  Design and analysis in task-based language assessment , 2002 .

[46]  María José Alvarez-Torres RESEARCHING PEDAGOGIC TASKS: SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING, TEACHING, AND TESTING. Martin Bygate, Peter Skehan, and Merrill Swain (Eds.). Harlow, UK: Pearson Education, 2001. Pp. x + 258. $32.00 paper. , 2003, Studies in Second Language Acquisition.

[47]  Koen Van Gorp,et al.  Task‐Based Language Assessment , 2013 .