3D interlock design 100% PVDF piezoelectric to improve energy harvesting

Piezoelectric textile structures based on 100% poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) were developed and characterised. Multifilaments of 246 tex were produced by melt spinning. The mechanical stretching during the process provides PVDF fibres with a piezoelectric β-phase of up to 97% has been measured by FTIR experiments. Several studies have been carried out on piezoelectric PVDF-based flexible structures (films or textiles), the aim of the study being the investigation of the differences between 2D and 3D woven fabrics from 100% optimised (by optimising piezoelectric crystalline phase) piezoelectric PVDF multifilament yarns. The textile structures were poled after the weaving process, and a maximum output voltage of 2.3 V was observed on 3D woven under compression by DMA tests. Energy harvesting is optimised in a 3D interlock thanks to the stresses of the multifilaments in the thickness. The addition of a resistor makes it possible to measure energy of 10.5 μJ.m−2 during 10 cycles of stress in compression of 5 s each.

[1]  Y. Ishida,et al.  Annealing effects in poly(vinylidene fluoride) as revealed by specific volume measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and electron microscopy , 1973 .

[2]  Trisha L. Andrew,et al.  All‐Textile Triboelectric Generator Compatible with Traditional Textile Process , 2016 .

[3]  Erik Nilsson,et al.  Poling and characterization of piezoelectric polymer fibers for use in textile sensors , 2013 .

[4]  J. M. Nóbrega,et al.  Extrusion of poly(vinylidene fluoride) filaments: effect of the processing conditions and conductive inner core on the electroactive phase content and mechanical properties , 2011 .

[5]  R. Gregorio,et al.  Effect of crystallization rate on the formation of the polymorphs of solution cast poly(vinylidene fluoride) , 2008 .

[6]  D. Vatansever,et al.  Alternative Resources for Renewable Energy: Piezoelectric and Photovoltaic Smart Structures , 2012 .

[7]  Li Li,et al.  Studies on the transformation process of PVDF from α to β phase by stretching , 2014 .

[8]  K. Magniez,et al.  Effect of drawing on the molecular orientation and polymorphism of melt‐spun polyvinylidene fluoride fibers: Toward the development of piezoelectric force sensors , 2013 .

[9]  H. Kawai,et al.  The Piezoelectricity of Poly (vinylidene Fluoride) , 1969 .

[10]  A. Salimi,et al.  FTIR STUDIES OF -PHASE CRYSTAL FORMATION IN STRETCHED PVDF FILMS , 2003 .

[11]  Xiaogang Chen,et al.  An overview on fabrication of three-dimensional woven textile preforms for composites , 2011 .

[12]  Jung-Yong Lee,et al.  Wearable textile battery rechargeable by solar energy. , 2013, Nano letters.

[13]  S. Lanceros‐Méndez,et al.  Influence of the β-phase content and degree of crystallinity on the piezo- and ferroelectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) , 2010 .

[14]  Andrzej Wasiak,et al.  Phase transitions during stretching of poly(vinylidene fluoride) , 1999 .

[15]  Long Lin,et al.  Pyroelectric nanogenerators for harvesting thermoelectric energy. , 2012, Nano letters.

[16]  R. Gregorio.  Determination of the α, β, and γ crystalline phases of poly(vinylidene fluoride) films prepared at different conditions , 2006 .

[17]  Seung‐Hwan Chang,et al.  A new approach to fabricate poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) fibers using a torsion-stretching method and characterization of their piezoelectric properties , 2016 .

[18]  Ali Akbar Yousefi,et al.  Effect of tensile strain rate and elongation on crystalline structure and piezoelectric properties of PVDF thin films , 2007 .

[19]  H. Seggern,et al.  High electric field poling of electroded poly(vinylidene fluoride) at room temperature , 1983 .

[20]  Wei Hsin Chen,et al.  Partial oxidation of methanol over a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst enhanced by sprays , 2016 .

[21]  K. Magniez,et al.  Piezoelectric Force Response of Novel 2D Textile Based PVDF Sensors , 2013, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[22]  Elias Siores,et al.  A piezoelectric fibre composite based energy harvesting device for potential wearable applications , 2008 .

[23]  Elias Siores,et al.  Continuous production of piezoelectric PVDF fibre for e-textile applications , 2013 .

[24]  Ji-Beom Yoo,et al.  Highly Stretchable Piezoelectric‐Pyroelectric Hybrid Nanogenerator , 2014, Advanced materials.

[25]  Elias Siores,et al.  Novel “3-D spacer” all fibre piezoelectric textiles for energy harvesting applications , 2014 .

[26]  Kwang-Seok Yun,et al.  Woven flexible textile structure for wearable power-generating tactile sensor array , 2015 .

[27]  Liwei Lin,et al.  Direct-write PVDF nonwoven fiber fabric energy harvesters via the hollow cylindrical near-field electrospinning process , 2014 .

[28]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Self-powered textile for wearable electronics by hybridizing fiber-shaped nanogenerators, solar cells, and supercapacitors , 2016, Science Advances.

[29]  L. Sandsjö,et al.  PIEZOELECTRIC TEXTILE FIBRES IN WOVEN CONSTRUCTIONS , 2014 .